25/08/08A cikin zane-zane na masana'antu da kimiyya, ɗaukar abubuwa masu sauri a ƙarƙashin ƙananan haske yana ba da kalubale akai-akai. Wannan shine inda kyamarorin jinkirin lokaci (TDI) ke shiga. Fasahar TDI ta haɗu da aiki tare da motsi da kuma bayyanawa da yawa don sadar da hankali na musamman da tsabtar hoto, musamman a cikin mahalli masu sauri.
Menene Kyamara TDI?
Kyamara TDI ƙwararriyar kyamara ce ta sikanin layi wacce ke ɗaukar hotunan abubuwa masu motsi. Ba kamar daidaitattun kyamarori na sikanin yanki waɗanda ke fallasa gabaɗayan firam lokaci ɗaya ba, kyamarorin TDI suna canza caji daga jere na pixels zuwa na gaba a aiki tare da motsin abun. Kowane jeri na pixel yana tara haske yayin da batun ke motsawa, yadda ya kamata yana ƙara lokacin bayyanawa da haɓaka ƙarfin sigina ba tare da gabatar da blur motsi ba.
Wannan haɗin cajin yana haɓaka ƙimar sigina-zuwa-amo (SNR), yana sa kyamarori na TDI su dace don aikace-aikacen sauri ko ƙananan haske.
Ta yaya Kyamara TDI ke Aiki?
Ana kwatanta aikin kyamarar TDI a hoto na 1.
Hoto 1: Ayyukan na'urori masu auna jinkirin lokaci (TDI).
NOTE: Kyamarorin TDI suna motsa cajin da aka samu a cikin 'matakai' da yawa a cikin aiki tare tare da batun hoto mai motsi. Kowane mataki yana ba da ƙarin dama don fallasa zuwa haske. An kwatanta ta hanyar 'T' mai haske yana motsawa a kan kyamara, tare da ginshiƙan 5 ta ɓangaren mataki 5 na firikwensin TDI. Tucsen Dhyana 9KTDI tare da nau'ikan cajin nau'in CCD amma tsarin karantawa iri ɗaya na CMOS.
Kyamarorin TDI suna da kyamarori masu duba layi yadda ya kamata, tare da bambanci ɗaya mai mahimmanci: maimakon jeri ɗaya na pixels waɗanda ke samun bayanai yayin da ake duba kyamarorin a kan batun hoto, kyamarorin TDI suna da layuka da yawa, waɗanda aka sani da 'matakai', har zuwa yawanci 256.
Koyaya, waɗannan layuka basa yin hoto mai girma biyu kamar kyamarar sikanin yanki. Madadin haka, yayin da batun hoton da aka zayyana ke motsawa a cikin firikwensin kyamara, abubuwan da aka gano na photoelectrons a cikin kowane pixel shuffle tare da jere na gaba a daidaita tare da motsin batun hoton, ba tare da an karanta su ba. Kowane ƙarin jere sannan yana ba da ƙarin dama don fallasa batun hoto ga haske. Da zarar yanki na hoto ya kai jere na ƙarshe na firikwensin firikwensin shine layin sai a wuce zuwa tsarin gine-ginen karantawa don aunawa.
Don haka, duk da ma'aunai da yawa da ke faruwa a cikin matakan kyamara, misali ɗaya ne kawai na ƙarar karatun kamara aka gabatar. Kyamara TDI mai mataki 256 tana kiyaye samfurin a gani sau 256 ya fi tsayi, don haka yana da tsawon lokacin bayyanarwa sau 256 fiye da daidaitaccen kyamarar sikanin layi. Daidai lokacin bayyanarwa tare da kyamarar sikanin yanki zai haifar da matsananciyar blur motsi, mai da hoton mara amfani.
Yaushe Za a iya Amfani da TDI?
Kyamarorin TDI kyakkyawan bayani ne ga kowane aikace-aikacen hoto inda batun hoton ke motsi dangane da kamara, yana ba da cewa motsin ya kasance iri ɗaya a duk kallon kyamarar.
Aikace-aikacen hotunan TDI don haka sun haɗa da, a gefe ɗaya, duk waɗanda ke yin binciken layi inda aka samar da hotuna masu girma 2, yayin da suke kawo saurin gudu, haɓaka ƙananan ƙananan haske, mafi kyawun hoto, ko duka uku a lokaci daya. A gefe guda, akwai fasahohin hoto da yawa waɗanda ke amfani da kyamarori masu bincika yanki inda za a iya amfani da kyamarori na TDI.
Don sCMOS TDI mai girma, hoton 'tile da stitch' a cikin microscopy mai kyalli na halitta ana iya yin ta ta amfani da sikanin mara tsayawa na mataki a madadin tiling. Ko duk TDI na iya dacewa da aikace-aikacen dubawa. Wani muhimmin aikace-aikacen TDI shine cytometry na kwararar hoto, inda ake samun hotunan kyalli na sel yayin da suke wucewa ta kyamara yayin da suke gudana ta tashar microfluidic.
Ribobi da Fursunoni na sCMOS TDI
Ribobi
● Za a iya ɗaukar hotuna masu girma biyu na girman sabani a cikin babban gudun lokacin da ake duba abin da ake yin hoto.
● Matakan TDI da yawa, ƙaramar amo, da babban QE na iya haifar da haɓakar hankali fiye da kyamarori masu duba layi.
● Ana iya samun saurin karantawa mai girma, misali, har zuwa 510,000Hz (layi a cikin daƙiƙa ɗaya), don hoto mai faɗin 9,072-pixel.
●Haske yana buƙatar zama mai girma 1 kawai kuma yana iya buƙatar babu fili ko wasu gyare-gyare a cikin girma na biyu (wanda aka duba). Bugu da ƙari, tsawon lokacin bayyanarwa idan aka kwatanta da duban layi na iya 'lallashi' flicker saboda tushen hasken AC.
● Za'a iya samun hotuna masu motsi ba tare da blur motsi ba kuma tare da babban sauri da hankali.
●Binciken manyan wurare na iya zama da sauri fiye da kyamarori masu duba yanki.
● Tare da ci-gaba software ko kunna saitin, yanayin 'scan-kamar' yana iya samar da bayyani na yanki don mayar da hankali da daidaitawa.
Fursunoni
● Har yanzu hayaniya fiye da kyamarori na sCMOS na al'ada, ma'ana aikace-aikacen ƙananan ƙananan haske ba su isa ba.
● Yana buƙatar saiti na ƙwararru tare da ci-gaba mai ruɗarwa don aiki tare da motsi na jigon hoto tare da sikanin kamara, iko mai kyau akan saurin motsi, ko ingantaccen hasashen saurin don ba da damar aiki tare.
● A matsayin sabuwar fasaha, ƴan mafita a halin yanzu sun wanzu don aiwatar da hardware da software.
sCMOS TDI mai ƙarancin haske
Duk da yake TDI a matsayin dabarar hoto ta riga ta fara yin hoto na dijital, kuma tun da dadewa ya zarce binciken layi a cikin aiki, kawai a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata kyamarori na TDI sun sami ƙwarewar da ake buƙata don isa ga ƙananan aikace-aikacen haske waɗanda galibi suna buƙatar ƙwarewar darajar kimiyya.sCMOS kyamarori.
'sCMOS TDI' ya haɗu da motsi irin na CCD na caji a fadin firikwensin tare da karantawa irin na sCMOS, tare da na'urori masu haske na baya. Tushen CCD na baya ko tushen CMOS kawai * TDI kyamarori sun sami saurin karantawa a hankali, ƙarami adadin pixel, ƙananan matakai, da karanta amo tsakanin 30e- da> 100e-. Sabanin haka, sCMOS TDI kamar TucsenDhyana 9KTDI sCMOS kamarayana ba da ƙarar ƙarar 7.2e-, haɗe tare da ƙimar ƙima mafi girma ta hanyar hasken baya, yana ba da damar amfani da TDI a cikin ƙananan aikace-aikacen matakin haske fiye da yadda zai yiwu a baya.
A cikin aikace-aikace da yawa, tsawon lokacin bayyanar da tsarin TDI ya kunna zai iya fiye ramawa don haɓakar ƙarar amo idan aka kwatanta da kyamarorin yanki na sCMOS masu inganci tare da ƙarar ƙarar kusa da 1e-.
Aikace-aikacen gama gari na kyamarori na TDI
Ana samun kyamarori na TDI a cikin masana'antu da yawa inda daidaito da sauri suke daidai da mahimmanci:
● Semiconductor wafer dubawa
● Gwajin nunin Flat panel (FPD).
● Binciken yanar gizo (takarda, fim, foil, yadi)
● Hoton X-ray a cikin binciken likita ko duban kaya
● Slide da Multi- rijiya faranti scanning a dijital Pathology
● Hoto mai zurfi a cikin ji na nesa ko aikin gona
● PCB da dubawar lantarki a cikin layin SMT
Waɗannan aikace-aikacen suna amfana daga ingantacciyar bambanci, saurin gudu, da tsabta wanda hoton TDI ke bayarwa a ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan duniya.
Misali: Slide da Multi-Well Plate Scanning
Kamar yadda aka ambata, ɗaya aikace-aikacen da ke da gagarumin alƙawari ga kyamarorin sCMOS TDI shine aikace-aikacen dinki, gami da zamewa ko duban farantin rijiyoyi da yawa. Ana duba manyan samfuran kyalli ko haske mai haske tare da kyamarorin yanki mai girma biyu ya dogara da dinke grid na hotuna da aka ƙera daga ƙungiyoyi masu yawa na matakin na'urar hangen nesa na XY. Kowane hoto yana buƙatar mataki don tsayawa, daidaitawa, sannan kuma ta sake farawa, tare da kowane jinkiri na mirgina. TDI, a gefe guda, na iya samun hotuna yayin da mataki ke motsawa. Hoton kuma yana samuwa ne daga ƴan ƙaramin adadin dogayen 'tsalle', kowanne yana rufe faɗin samfurin gaba ɗaya. Wannan na iya yuwuwar haifar da babban saurin saye da samar da bayanai a duk aikace-aikacen dinki, ya danganta da yanayin hoto.
Gudun da matakin zai iya motsawa ya yi daidai da jimlar lokacin bayyanar kyamarar TDI, don haka gajeren lokacin bayyanar (1-20ms) yana ba da mafi girman haɓakawa a cikin saurin hoto idan aka kwatanta da kyamarori na yanki, wanda zai iya haifar da tsari na girma ko mafi girma a cikin jimlar lokacin saye. Don tsawon lokacin bayyanarwa (misali> 100ms), duban yanki na iya riƙe fa'idar lokaci.
Misalin babban hoto mai girman gaske (2 Gigapixel) wanda aka kafa a cikin daƙiƙa goma kacal ana nuna shi a cikin Hoto na 2. Hoton daidai da aka kafa tare da kyamarar sikanin wuri ana iya tsammanin ɗaukar mintuna da yawa.
Hoto 2: Hoton Gigapixel 2 da aka kafa a cikin daƙiƙa 10 ta hanyar duban TDI & dinki
NOTE: Hoton haɓakawa na 10x da aka samu ta amfani da Tucsen Dhyana 9kTDI na ɗigon alƙalami mai haske wanda aka gani tare da ƙaramin haske. An samu a cikin daƙiƙa 10 ta amfani da lokacin bayyanar 3.6 ms. Girman hoto: 30mm x 17mm, 58,000 x 34,160 pixels.
Aiki tare TDI
Aiki tare na kyamarar TDI tare da batun hoto (zuwa cikin ƴan kashi kaɗan) yana da mahimmanci - rashin daidaituwar saurin gudu zai haifar da tasirin 'blur motsi'. Ana iya yin wannan aiki tare ta hanyoyi biyu:
Hasashen: An saita saurin kamara don dacewa da saurin motsi dangane da ilimin saurin motsi na samfurin, na gani (girma), da girman pixel na kamara. Ko gwaji da kuskure.
Tasiri: Yawancin matakan microscope, gantries da sauran kayan aiki don matsar da batutuwan hoto na iya haɗawa da maɓalli waɗanda ke aika bugun bugun jini zuwa kyamara don tazarar motsi. Wannan yana ba da damar mataki/gantry da kamara su kasance cikin aiki tare ba tare da la'akari da saurin motsi ba.
TDI kyamarori vs. Layin Scan da kyamarori na Scan yanki
Anan ga yadda TDI ke kwatanta da sauran shahararrun fasahar hoto:
| Siffar | Kamara TDI | Layi Scan Kamara | Kamara Scan yanki |
| Hankali | Mai Girma | Matsakaici | Ƙananan zuwa Matsakaici |
| Ingancin Hoto (motsi) | Madalla | Yayi kyau | Rushewa a babban gudu |
| Bukatun Haske | Ƙananan | Matsakaici | Babban |
| Dacewar Motsi | Kyakkyawan (idan an daidaita shi) | Yayi kyau | Talakawa |
| Mafi kyawun Ga | Babban sauri, ƙananan haske | Abubuwa masu saurin motsi | A tsaye ko a hankali al'amuran |
TDI shine bayyanannen zaɓi lokacin da yanayin ke tafiya da sauri kuma matakan haske suna iyakance. Duban layi mataki ne na hankali, yayin da sikanin yanki ya fi kyau don saiti mai sauƙi ko a tsaye.
Zaɓi Kyamarar TDI Dama
Lokacin zabar kyamarar TDI, la'akari da waɗannan:
● Yawan matakan TDI: Ƙarin matakan ƙara SNR, amma kuma farashi da rikitarwa.
● Nau'in firikwensin: sCMOS an fi so don saurinsa da ƙarancin amo; CCD na iya kasancewa dacewa da wasu tsarin gado.
● Interface: Tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin ku-Haɗin Kamara, CoaXPress, da 10GigE zaɓuɓɓukan gama gari ne, 100G CoF da 40G CoF sun fito azaman sabbin abubuwa.
● Amsa ta musamman: Zaɓi tsakanin monochrome, launi, ko kusa-infrared (NIR) dangane da bukatun aikace-aikacen.
Zaɓuɓɓukan aiki tare: Nemo fasali kamar abubuwan shigar da rikodin ko goyan bayan faɗakarwa na waje don ingantacciyar daidaitawar motsi.
Idan aikace-aikacenku ya ƙunshi samfurori masu laushi, bincike mai sauri, ko ƙananan haske, sCMOS TDI yana iya dacewa daidai.
Kammalawa
Kyamarorin TDI suna wakiltar juyin halitta mai ƙarfi a cikin fasahar hoto, musamman lokacin da aka gina su akan firikwensin sCMOS. Ta hanyar haɗa aiki tare da motsi tare da haɗin kan layi mai yawa, suna ba da hankali da kuma tsabta maras dacewa don yanayi mai ƙarfi, ƙananan haske.
Ko kuna duba wafers, duba nunin faifai, ko yin bincike mai sauri, fahimtar yadda TDI ke aiki zai iya taimaka muku zaɓi mafi kyawun mafita tsakanin.kyamarori na kimiyyadon kalubalen hotonku.
FAQ
Shin kyamarori na TDI zasu iya aiki a yanayin sikanin yanki?
Kyamarorin TDI na iya ƙirƙirar hotuna masu girma biyu (na bakin ciki sosai) a cikin yanayin 'scan-like', wanda aka samu ta hanyar dabarar lokacin firikwensin. Wannan na iya zama taimako ga ayyuka kamar mayar da hankali da daidaitawa.
Don fara 'bayyanar sikanin yanki', firikwensin ya fara 'clere' ta hanyar ciyar da TDI aƙalla matakan da yawa kamar yadda kyamarar ke da matakai, da sauri-wuri, sannan ta tsaya. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar sarrafa software, ko kunna kayan aiki, kuma ana yin su da kyau cikin duhu. Misali, kamara mai mataki 256 yakamata ta karanta aƙalla layi 256, sannan ta tsaya. An watsar da wannan layi na 256 na bayanai.
Yayin da kamara ba a kunna ko karanta layi ba, firikwensin yana aiki kamar firikwensin yanki yana fallasa hoto.
Lokacin bayyanar da ake so ya kamata ya wuce tare da kamara ba ta aiki, kafin a sake ciyar da kyamara ta aƙalla adadin matakanta, karanta kowane layi na hoton da aka samu. Har yanzu, da kyau wannan lokacin 'karantawa' yakamata ya faru cikin duhu.
Ana iya maimaita wannan dabarar don samar da 'samfoti mai rai' ko jerin hotunan yanki-bincike tare da ƙaramin murdiya da blurring daga aikin TDI.
Tucsen Photonics Co., Ltd. Duk haƙƙin mallaka. Lokacin ambato, da fatan za a yarda da tushen:www.tucsen.com
