22/06/01Ke au poulihe kumu leo pahupaʻi kiʻi e pili ana i ka mahana a me ka manawa hoʻolaha, ana ʻia i nā electrons no kēlā me kēia pika, kekona o ka manawa hōʻike. No nā noi e hoʻohana ana i nā manawa hōʻike ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi kekona, me ke au o ka pōʻeleʻele ma lalo o 1e-/p/s, hiki ke nānā ʻole ʻia i nā helu hōʻailona-a-noise-ratio.
No ka laʻana, ma kahi waiwai pōʻeleʻele o kēia manawa o 0.001 e/p/s, ʻo nā manawa hoʻolaha o 1ms a i ʻole 60 kekona e alakaʻi ʻelua i ka hāʻawi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi i hāʻawi ʻia ka waiwai walaʻau e ka waiwai o kēia manawa pōʻeleʻele i hoʻonui ʻia me ka manawa hoʻolaha, nā mea āpau ma lalo o kahi kumu huinahā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi pahupaʻikiʻi ʻokoʻa me 2e-/p/s i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā makahiki 60 e hāʻawi i kahi √120 = 11e- o ka leo ʻeleʻele o kēia manawa, ʻoi aku paha ka nui ma mua o ka leo heluhelu ma nā pae kukui haʻahaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka hoʻolaha ʻana o 1ms, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia pae ʻeleʻele o kēia manawa.
Kiʻi 1 : ʻO ke kiʻi 1(a) mai ka pahu pahu CMOS hoʻoluʻu ʻo TucsenFL 20BWʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ke au ʻeleʻele e like me 0.001e/pixel/s. Hōʻike ka Figure 1(b) i ka Figure 1(a).a kūlana maikaʻi loa iaʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia i ka leo ʻeleʻele o kēia manawa ʻoiai ʻo ka manawa hōʻike ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o 10s.
ʻO ka leo ʻeleʻele o kēia manawa ke kumu e ka neʻe wela o nā electrons i loko o ka mea ʻike kamera. Loaʻa nā ʻātoma a pau i ka neʻe haʻalulu wela, a i kekahi manawa hiki i kahi electron ke 'lele' mai ka substrate o ka mea ʻike kamera i loko o ka lua pika kahi e mālama ʻia ai nā photoelectrons i ʻike ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o kēia mau electrons 'thermal' a me nā electrons i ala mai ma o ka ʻike kūleʻa ʻana o kahi photon. I ka wā o ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi kiʻi, hiki ke kūkulu ʻia kēia mau electron thermal, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hōʻailona ʻeleʻele o kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka helu pololei o nā electrons he random, e alakaʻi ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka leo o kēia manawa. I ka pau ʻana o ka hōʻike ʻana, ua ana ʻia nā uku a pau mai ka pixel mākaukau no ka hoʻolaha aʻe.
Pili ka leo ʻeleʻele i ka mahana, akā hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka mīkini paʻi kiʻi a me ka uila uila, no laila hiki ke ʻano like ʻole mai ke kāmeʻa a i ka pahupaʻikiʻi i ka mahana sensor like.
He mea koʻikoʻi anei ke au ʻeleʻele haʻahaʻa no kaʻu kiʻi kiʻi?ʻO ka waiwai pōʻeleʻele i hāʻawi ʻia e kōkua nui i kāu kiʻi 'sign-to-noise ratio a me ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i kāu hiʻohiʻona kiʻi.
No nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻi kukui kiʻekiʻe me nā tausani kiʻi no kēlā me kēia pika ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pahupaʻikiʻi, ʻaʻole nui paha ke ʻano o ka pōʻeleʻele i ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi ke ʻole ka hoʻolaha ʻana.mHe lōʻihi loa ia (ʻumi kekona a i mau minuke) e like me nā noi kilo hōkū.
Kiʻi 2: ʻO Tucsen ka ʻōlelo hoʻolaha pahupaʻi lōʻihi
