25/08/15I ka ʻepekema ʻepekema, ʻo ka pololei nā mea āpau. Inā paha e hopu ana ʻoe i nā hōʻailona fluorescence māmā a i ʻole ke ʻimi ʻana i nā mea lani nawaliwali, hiki i kāu pahupaʻikiʻi ke ʻike i ka mālamalama e hoʻopili pololei i ka maikaʻi o kāu mau hopena. ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi, akā hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻole ʻia, nā kumu o kēia hoohalike ʻo ia ka quantum efficiency (QE).
E alakaʻi kēia alakaʻi iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o QE, no ke aha ia mea nui, pehea e wehewehe ai i nā kikoʻī QE, a pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā ʻano sensor. Inā ʻoe ma ka mākeke no kahikamera ʻepekemaa i ʻole e hoʻāʻo wale ana e hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻikepili kamera, no ʻoe kēia.
Kiʻi: ʻO Tucsen nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe QE kāʻei maʻamau
(a)Aries 6510(b)ʻO Dhyana 6060BSI(c)Libra 22
He aha ka Quantum Efficiency?
ʻO ka Quantum Efficiency ka likelike o kahi photon i hiki i ka mīkini paʻi kiʻi i ʻike maoli ʻia, a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi photoelectron i loko o ke silika.
Ma nā ʻanuʻu he nui o ka huakaʻi kiʻi kiʻi i kēia wahi, aia nā mea pale e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā kiʻi a i ʻole e hoʻohālikelike iā lākou. Eia hou, ʻaʻohe mea i 100% akaka i kēlā me kēia nalu nalu photon, a me nā hoʻololi o ka haku mele ʻana i hiki ke hoʻohālikelike a hoʻopuehu paha i nā kiʻi.
Hōʻike ʻia ma ka pākēneka, wehewehe ʻia ka quantum efficiency e like me:
QE (%) = (Ka helu o nā electrons i hana ʻia / Ka helu o nā kiʻi i hana ʻia) × 100
ʻElua ʻano nui:
●QE waho: Hana ʻia me nā hopena e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana a me nā poho o ka lawe ʻana.
●QE Kuloko: Ke ana i ka pono o ka hoohuli ana i loko o ka sensor ponoi, me ka manao ua komo na photon a pau.
ʻO ka QE kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike māmā a me nā hōʻailona kiʻi ikaika, ʻoi aku ka nui ma nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā photon-limited.
No ke aha he mea nui ka Quantum Efficiency i nā kāmela ʻepekema?
Ma ke kiʻi kiʻi, he mea kōkua mau ka hopu ʻana i ka pakeneka kiʻekiʻe loa o nā kiʻi kiʻi e hiki mai ana iā mākou, ʻoi loa i nā noi e koi ana i ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe quantum efficiency. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka paʻakikī ʻenehana o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mea hoʻopiha i ka wā e mālama ana i ka hana pixel, a ma muli nō hoʻi o ke kaʻina hoʻomālamalama hope. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana, e like me kāu e aʻo ai, hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hana kuantum kiʻekiʻe loa - akā hele mai me ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana.
E like me nā kikoʻī kamera āpau, pono e kaupaona mau ʻia ka pono o ka quantum efficiency me nā kumu ʻē aʻe no kāu noi kiʻi kikoʻī. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi pani pani honua ke lawe mai i nā pono no nā noi he nui, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ma kahi sensor BI. Eia hou, pono ia e hoʻohui i kahi transistor keu i ka pika. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i ka mea hoʻopihapiha a no laila ka hana quantum, ʻoiai hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻike FI ʻē aʻe.
Nā palapala hoʻohālike e hiki ai iā QE ke lilo i mea nui
He mau laʻana noi:
● Kiʻi kukui haʻahaʻa & fluorescence o nā laʻana olaola paʻa ʻole
● Kiʻi kiʻi wikiwiki
● Nā noi nui e koi ana i nā ana ʻoi loa
QE ma ke ʻano ʻenekona
Hōʻike nā ʻenehana ʻike kiʻi like ʻole i nā pono quantum like ʻole. Eia ke ʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o QE i nā ʻano sensor nui:
CCD (Mea Hoʻohui Hoʻopaʻa ʻia)
Ua makemake nui ʻia ke kiʻi ʻepekema no ko lākou leo haʻahaʻa a me ka QE kiʻekiʻe, e piʻi pinepine ana ma waena o 70-90%. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā CCD i nā noi e like me ka astronomy a me ke kiʻi kiʻi lōʻihi.
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semicconductor)
I ka manawa i kaupalena ʻia e ka QE haʻahaʻa a me ka leo heluhelu kiʻekiʻe, ua loaʻa nui nā mea naʻau CMOS hou - ʻoi aku ka hoʻolālā ʻana i hope. He nui ka poʻe i kēia manawa e hōʻea i nā koina QE kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 80%, e hāʻawi ana i ka hana maikaʻi loa me ka wikiwiki o ka pahu a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka mana.
E ʻimi i kā mākou ʻano o nā mea kiʻekiʻepahupaʻikiʻi CMOSnā hiʻohiʻona e ʻike i ka lōʻihi o ka hiki ʻana mai o kēia ʻenehana, likeʻO Tucsen's Libra 3405M sCMOS Camera, he pahupaʻikiʻi ʻepekema kiʻekiʻe i hoʻolālā ʻia no ke koi ʻana i nā noi haʻahaʻa.
sCMOS (CMOS ʻepekema)
He papa kūikawā o CMOS i hoʻolālā ʻia no ke kiʻi ʻepekema,pahupaʻikiʻi sCMOShoʻohui ka ʻenehana i ka QE kiʻekiʻe (maʻamau 70-95%) me ka walaʻau haʻahaʻa, ka laulā dynamic kiʻekiʻe, a me ka loaʻa wikiwiki. He kūpono no ke kiʻi kiʻi ola-cell, microscopy kiʻekiʻe, a me ka fluorescence multi-channel.
Pehea e Heluhelu ai i ka Quantum Efficiency Curve
Hoʻopuka pinepine nā mea hana i kahi pihi QE e hoʻolālā ana i ka pono (%) ma waena o nā nalu nalu (nm). Pono kēia mau pihi no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kahi kamera ma nā pae spectral kikoʻī.
Nā mea nui e nānā ai:
●Kiʻekiʻe QE: Ka 'oi loa o ka pono, pinepine i ka 500-600 nm laula (kukui omaomao).
●Kaulana nalu: ʻO ka puka aniani hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi e noho ai ʻo QE ma luna o kahi paepae kūpono (e laʻa, >20%).
●Nā ʻāpana hoʻokuʻu: E hāʻule ka QE ma nā ʻāpana UV (<400 nm) a me NIR (>800 nm).
ʻO ka unuhi ʻana i kēia pihi e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike i nā ikaika o ka sensor me kāu noi, inā paha ʻoe e kiʻi ana i ke kiko kikoʻī, kokoke-infrared, a i ʻole UV.
Ka hilinaʻi ʻana o ka lōʻihi nalu o ka quantum efficiency
Kiʻi: QE curve e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai maʻamau no nā mea ʻike silikona i hoʻomālamalama ʻia i mua a me hope.
HOOLAHA: Hōʻike ka pakuhi i ka hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kiʻi kiʻi (kuantum efficiency, %) me ka lōʻihi hawewe photon no nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi ʻehā. Hiki i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa sensor a me nā uhi ke hoʻololi nui i kēia mau pihi
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka quantum ke hilinaʻi nui i ka nalu nalu, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā mea ʻike kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻekiʻe i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻāpana ʻike ʻia o ka spectrum, ka mea maʻamau i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ka ʻāpana melemele, mai kahi o 490nm a 600nm. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā pihi QE ma o nā uhi sensor a me nā ʻano mea like ʻole e hāʻawi i ka QE kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 300nm i ka ultra-violet (UV), ma kahi o 850nm i ka infra red kokoke (NIR), a me nā koho he nui ma waena.
Hōʻike nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi a pau i ka emi ʻana o ka pono quantum i ka 1100nm, kahi i lawa ʻole ai nā kiʻi kiʻi e hoʻokuʻu i nā photoelectrons. Hiki ke kaupalena ʻia ka hana o UV i nā mea ʻike me nā microlenses a i ʻole nā aniani pale UV-blocking window, ka mea e kaohi ai i ke kukui lōʻihi pōkole mai ka hiki ʻana i ka mea ʻike.
Ma waena, ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā ʻōkuhi QE, a hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā piko liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻauwai i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā waiwai waiwai like ʻole a me nā ʻike o nā mea i haku ʻia e ka pixel.
Ma nā noi e koi ana i ka ʻike UV a i ʻole NIR, e noʻonoʻo ana i nā pihi hoʻokō quantum hiki ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi nui, ʻoiai ma kekahi mau kiʻi paʻi kiʻi hiki ke ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma nā kihi loa o ka pihi.
X-ray Sensitivity
Hiki i kekahi mau mea ʻike kiʻi kiʻi kiʻilika ke hana ma ka ʻāpana māmā ʻike ʻia o ka spectrum, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke ʻike i kekahi mau nalu o nā kukui X. Eia nō naʻe, koi pinepine nā pahupaʻikiʻi i ka ʻenekinia kikoʻī e hoʻokō i ka hopena o nā kukui X ma luna o nā uila uila, a me nā keʻena māmā i hoʻohana mau ʻia no nā hoʻokolohua X-ray.
Nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi infrared
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea ʻike ma ka silika akā ma nā mea ʻē aʻe hiki ke hōʻike i nā pihi QE ʻokoʻa loa. No ka laʻana, hiki i nā kāmela infrared InGaAs, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o Indium Gallium Arsenide ma kahi o ke silika, hiki ke ʻike i nā pae hawewe ākea ākea i ka NIR, a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 2700nm, e hilinaʻi ana i ka ʻokoʻa sensor.
Kuantum Efficiency vs. 'ē aʻe Camera Specs
He metric hana koʻikoʻi ka maikaʻi kuantum, akā ʻaʻole ia e hana kaʻawale. Eia pehea e pili ai i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe:
QE kū'ē
ʻO ka sensitivity ka hiki ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona nāwaliwali. Hāʻawi pololei ʻo QE i ka naʻau, akā ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka nui o ka pixel, heluhelu leo, a me ke au ʻeleʻele ke pāʻani pū kekahi.
QE kū'ē.
Hoʻonui ka QE kiʻekiʻe i ka SNR ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona (electrons) no kēlā me kēia photon. Akā ʻo ka walaʻau nui, ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka uila a i ʻole ka hoʻoluʻu kūpono ʻole, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kiʻi.
QE kūʻē
ʻOiai e pili ana ʻo QE i ka nui o ka mālamalama i ʻike ʻia, hōʻike ka laulā dynamic i ka ratio ma waena o nā hōʻailona ʻālohilohi a me ka pōʻeleʻele hiki ke mālama ʻia e ke kāmela. Hiki i ka pahupaʻikiʻi QE kiʻekiʻe me ka laulā dynamic maikaʻi ʻole ke hana i nā hopena subpar i nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe.
I ka pōkole, koʻikoʻi ka hana quantum, akā e loiloi mau me nā kikoʻī hoʻohui.
He aha ka "maikaʻi" Quantum Efficiency?
ʻAʻohe QE "maikaʻi" holoʻokoʻa - pili ia i kāu noi. ʻO kēlā'ōlelo, eia nā hōʻailona maʻamau:
| Laina QE | Papa Hana | Hoʻohana i nā hihia |
| <40% | Haʻahaʻa | ʻAʻole kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻepekema |
| 40–60% | Awelika | Nā noi ʻepekema komo |
| 60–80% | Maikaʻi loa | Kūpono no ka nui o nā hana kiʻi |
| 80–95% | Maikaʻi | ʻO ke kukui haʻahaʻa, ka pololei kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ke kiʻi palena kiʻi photon |
Eia kekahi, e noʻonoʻo i ka QE kiʻekiʻe a me ka awelika QE ma waena o kāu ākea spectral makemake.
Ka hopena
ʻO ka quantum efficiency kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi, akā ʻike ʻole ʻia, nā mea i ke koho ʻana i kahi mea hana kiʻi ʻepekema. Inā ʻoe e loiloi ana i nā CCD, nā kāmeʻa sCMOS, a i ʻole nā pahu pahu CMOS, kōkua ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā QE iā ʻoe:
● E wānana i ka hana ʻana o kāu pahupaʻikiʻi ma lalo o nā kūlana kukui honua maoli
● Hoʻohālikelike i nā huahana ma mua o nā koi kūʻai
● Hoʻohālikelike i nā kikoʻī pahupaʻikiʻi me kāu mau koi ʻepekema
Ke holomua nei ka ʻenehana sensor, hāʻawi nā kāmeʻa ʻepekema kiʻekiʻe-QE i kēia lā i ka naʻau a me ka versatility ma waena o nā noi like ʻole. Akā ʻaʻole pili i ka holomua o ka hāmeʻa, hoʻomaka ke koho ʻana i ka hāmeʻa kūpono me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kūpono o ka quantum efficiency i ke kiʻi nui.
FAQs
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka quantum efficiency i nā pahupaʻikiʻi ʻepekema?
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka quantum efficiency (QE) e hoʻomaikaʻi maʻamau i ka hiki ke ʻike i nā kiʻi haʻahaʻa o ka māmā, he mea waiwai ia i nā noi e like me ka microscopy fluorescence, astronomy, a me ke kiʻi kiʻi hoʻokahi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo QE kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻike hana kaulike. Hiki i ka pahupaʻikiʻi QE kiʻekiʻe me ke ʻano ikaika maikaʻi ʻole, ka leo heluhelu kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka lawa ʻole o ka hoʻoluʻu hiki ke hāʻawi i nā hopena suboptimal. No ka hana maikaʻi loa, e loiloi mau i ka QE i hui pū ʻia me nā kikoʻī koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka walaʻau, ka hohonu bit, a me ka hoʻolālā sensor.
Pehea e ana ʻia ai ka quantum efficiency?
ʻIke ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka quantum ma ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i kahi sensor me kahi helu o nā kiʻi i ʻike ʻia ma kahi hawewe kikoʻī a laila helu i ka helu o nā electrons i hana ʻia e ka mea ʻike. Hana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kumu kukui monochromatic calibrated a me kahi photodiode kuhikuhi. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka waiwai QE ma waena o nā nalu nalu e hana i kahi pihi QE. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pane kikoʻī o ka mea ʻike, koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka pahupaʻikiʻi me ke kumu kukui o kāu noi a i ʻole ka pae hoʻokuʻu.
Hiki i nā polokalamu a i ʻole nā kānana waho ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono quantum?
ʻAʻole. ʻO ka Quantum Efficiency kahi waiwai paʻa o ka ʻike kiʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e nā lako polokalamu a i ʻole nā mea hana waho. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā kānana ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi holoʻokoʻa ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ratio signal-to-noise (e laʻa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kānana hoʻokuʻu i nā noi fluorescence), a hiki i nā lako polokalamu ke kōkua i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka walaʻau a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻololi kēia i ka waiwai QE ponoʻī.
Tucsen Photonics Co., Ltd. Ua mālama ʻia nā kuleana āpau. Ke helu ʻana, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu:www.tucsen.com
