25.08.2008 dr habHauv kev lag luam thiab kev tshawb fawb, kev ntes cov khoom txav ceev hauv qab lub teeb qis yog qhov nyuaj tas li. Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas Lub Sijhawm Ncua Kev Sib Koom Tes (TDI) cov koob yees duab nkag mus. TDI thev naus laus zis sib txuas cov lus tsa suab synchronization thiab ntau qhov kev nthuav tawm kom xa qhov tshwj xeeb rhiab heev thiab cov duab pom tseeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev kub ceev.
Lub koob yees duab TDI yog dab tsi?
Lub koob yees duab TDI yog lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb kab scan uas ntes cov duab ntawm cov khoom txav. Tsis zoo li cov qauv hauv cheeb tsam scan cov koob yees duab uas nthuav tawm tag nrho cov thav duab ib zaug, TDI cov koob yees duab hloov cov nqi ntawm ib kab ntawm pixels mus rau lwm qhov hauv synchronization nrog cov khoom txav. Txhua pixel kab sib sau ua ke lub teeb thaum cov ntsiab lus txav mus, ua kom lub sij hawm raug thiab ua kom lub teeb liab muaj zog yam tsis muaj kev qhia qhov muag plooj.
Qhov kev sib koom them nqi no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv (SNR), ua rau TDI cov koob yees duab zoo tagnrho rau kev siv high-speed lossis low-light.
Lub koob yees duab TDI ua haujlwm li cas?
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm TDI lub koob yees duab yog qhia hauv daim duab 1.
Daim duab 1: Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lub Sijhawm Delay Integration (TDI) sensors
Nco tseg: TDI cov koob yees duab txav tau txais cov nqi hla ntau 'theem' hauv synchronization nrog cov duab txav. Txhua theem muab sijhawm ntxiv kom pom qhov kaj. Daim duab qhia ntawm lub ci 'T' txav hla lub koob yees duab, nrog 5-kem los ntawm 5-theem ntu ntawm TDI sensor. Tucsen Dhyana 9KTDI nrog hybrid CCD-style nqi zog tab sis CMOS-style sib npaug nyeem ntawv.
TDI koob yees duab yog cov kab scan koob yees duab zoo, nrog rau ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv: es tsis txhob ntawm ib kab ntawm pixels tau txais cov ntaub ntawv raws li lub koob yees duab tau luam theej duab, TDI koob yees duab muaj ntau kab, hu ua 'theem', mus txog rau feem ntau 256.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab no tsis tsim cov duab 2-dimensional zoo li lub koob yees duab hauv cheeb tsam. Hloov chaw, raws li cov duab scanned txav hla lub koob yees duab sensor, cov duab photoelectrons pom nyob rau hauv txhua pixel shuffle nrog rau kab tom ntej hauv sync nrog kev txav ntawm cov duab kev kawm, tseem tsis tau nyeem tawm. Txhua kab ntxiv ces muab sijhawm ntxiv los nthuav tawm cov duab uas raug rau lub teeb. Tsuas yog ib zaug ib daim duab hla mus txog kab kawg ntawm pixels ntawm lub sensor yog kab ntawd ces dhau mus rau cov ntawv nyeem ntawv rau kev ntsuas.
Li no, txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov kev ntsuas nyob thoob plaws lub koob yees duab theem, tsuas yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub koob yees duab nyeem suab nrov tau qhia. Lub koob yees duab 256-theem TDI khaws cov qauv hauv kev saib 256 lub sijhawm ntev dua, thiab li no muaj 256 lub sijhawm ntev dua li lub koob yees duab sib npaug. Lub sijhawm sib npaug sib npaug nrog lub koob yees duab scan hauv cheeb tsam yuav ua rau pom qhov tsis pom tseeb, ua rau cov duab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Thaum twg TDI siv tau?
TDI koob yees duab yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua daim ntawv thov kev yees duab qhov twg cov duab thaij duab yog nyob rau hauv cov lus tsa suab kwv yees rau lub koob yees duab, muab cov lus tsa suab sib xws thoob plaws lub koob yees duab saib.
Cov ntawv thov ntawm TDI duab yog li ntawd suav nrog, ntawm ib sab, tag nrho cov kab scanning qhov twg 2-dimensional dluab raug tsim, thaum nqa ntau dua speeds, ntau txhim kho lub teeb rhiab heev, zoo duab zoo, los yog tag nrho peb ib zaug. Ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj ntau yam kev yees duab uas siv thaj chaw-scan lub koob yees duab qhov twg cov koob yees duab TDI tuaj yeem siv tau.
Rau siab-rhiab heev sCMOS TDI, 'pobzeb thiab plooj' imaging nyob rau hauv biological fluorescence microscopy yuav ua tau siv ib tug nonstop scan ntawm theem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm tiling. Los yog tag nrho TDI tuaj yeem ua tau zoo rau kev soj ntsuam daim ntawv thov. Lwm daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb rau TDI yog imaging flow cytometry, qhov twg cov duab fluorescence ntawm cov hlwb tau txais thaum lawv dhau lub koob yees duab thaum ntws los ntawm microfluidic channel.
Pros and Cons of sCMOS TDI
Pros
● Muaj peev xwm ntes 2-dimensional dluab ntawm arbitrary loj ntawm kev kub ceev thaum scanning nyob rau hauv ib tug imaging subject.
● Ntau theem TDI, suab nrov qis, thiab QE siab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li cov kab scan koob yees duab.
● Kev nyeem ntawv ceev heev tuaj yeem ua tiav, piv txwv li, txog 510,000Hz (kab ib ob), rau 9,072-pixel-dav duab.
●Illumination tsuas yog yuav tsum yog 1-dimensional thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj lub tiaj tiaj lossis lwm yam kev kho hauv qhov thib ob (scanned) dimension. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sij hawm raug xa mus ntev dua piv rau kab scan tuaj yeem 'zoo li' flicker vim AC lub teeb ci.
● Tsiv cov duab tuaj yeem tau txais yam tsis muaj qhov muag plooj thiab nrog kev kub ceev thiab rhiab heev.
●Kev txheeb xyuas thaj chaw loj tuaj yeem ua nrawm dua li thaj tsam scan lub koob yees duab.
● Nrog cov software siab heev lossis ua rau muaj teeb meem, ib qho 'thaj chaw-scan-zoo li' hom tuaj yeem muab thaj chaw-scan saib xyuas kom pom tseeb thiab kev sib tw.
Cons
● Tseem muaj suab nrov dua li cov koob yees duab sCMOS, txhais tau hais tias ultra-low-light applications tsis ncav cuag.
● Yuav tsum muaj kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb nrog kev ua haujlwm siab heev los synchronize qhov kev txav ntawm cov duab thaij duab nrog lub scanning ntawm lub koob yees duab, tswj tau zoo heev ntawm kev txav ceev, lossis kev kwv yees qhov tseeb ntawm kev ceev kom ua kom synchronization.
● Raws li cov cuab yeej tshiab, ob peb txoj kev daws teeb meem tam sim no muaj rau kev siv kho vajtse thiab software.
Low-light-capable sCMOS TDI
Thaum TDI raws li cov txheej txheem imaging predates digital imaging, thiab ntev dhau los surpassed kab scan nyob rau hauv kev ua tau zoo, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoos dhau los muaj TDI koob yees duab tau txais lub rhiab heev yuav tsum tau mus cuag cov low-light daim ntaub ntawv uas ib txwm xav tau lub rhiab heev ntawm scientific-qib.sCMOS koob yees duab.
'sCMOS TDI' ua ke nrog CCD-style txav ntawm cov nqi thoob plaws lub sensor nrog sCMOS-style nyeem ntawv, nrog rov qab-illuminated sensors muaj. Yav dhau los CCD-raws li los yog purely CMOS-raws li * TDI koob yees duab tau nyeem qeeb qeeb, cov pixels me me, tsawg theem, thiab nyeem suab nrov ntawm 30e- thiab> 100e-. Hauv kev sib piv, sCMOS TDI xws li TucsenDhyana 9KTDI sCMOS koob yees duabmuaj kev nyeem suab nrov ntawm 7.2e-, ua ke nrog ntau dua quantum efficiency los ntawm kev rov qab teeb pom kev zoo, ua kom siv TDI hauv kev siv lub teeb qis dua li yav tas los ua tau.
Nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov, lub sij hawm ntev raug enabled los ntawm cov txheej txheem TDI muaj peev xwm ntau tshaj li them rau qhov nce nyob rau hauv kev nyeem ntawv suab nrov piv rau high-zoo sCMOS cheeb tsam-scan koob yees duab nrog nyeem suab nrov ze rau 1e-.
Common Applications of TDI Cameras
TDI koob yees duab muaj nyob rau hauv ntau lub lag luam uas precision thiab ceev yog sib npaug zos qhov tseem ceeb:
● Semiconductor wafer tshuaj xyuas
● Kev ntsuam xyuas vaj huam sib luag tiaj tus (FPD).
● Kev tshuaj xyuas lub vev xaib (daim ntawv, zaj duab xis, ntawv ci, textiles)
● X-ray scan hauv kev kuaj mob lossis kuaj lub hnab nqa taug kev
● Swb thiab ntau lub phaj scanning hauv cov kab mob digital
● Hyperspectral imaging nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb sensing los yog ua liaj ua teb
● PCB thiab kev tshuaj xyuas hluav taws xob hauv SMT kab
Cov ntawv thov no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txhim kho qhov sib piv, nrawm, thiab pom tseeb tias TDI kev kos duab muab nyob rau hauv qhov kev txwv tiag tiag.
Piv txwv li: Swb thiab Multi-Well Phaj Scanning
Raws li tau hais, ib daim ntawv thov nrog cov lus cog tseg tseem ceeb rau sCMOS TDI cov koob yees duab yog cov ntawv thov stitching, suav nrog cov swb lossis ntau lub phaj scanning. Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov fluorescent loj lossis brightfield microscopy kuaj nrog 2-dimensional cheeb tsam lub koob yees duab tso siab rau kev xaws ib daim phiaj ntawm cov duab tsim los ntawm ntau qhov txav ntawm XY microscope theem. Txhua daim duab xav kom lub sijhawm nres, khom, thiab rov pib dua, nrog rau kev ncua ntawm lub kaw lus dov. TDI, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem tau txais cov duab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov duab yog ces tsim los ntawm ib tug me me ntawm ntev ' strips ', txhua npog tag nrho cov dav ntawm cov qauv. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau dua qhov nrawm dua thiab cov ntaub ntawv dhau los hauv txhua daim ntawv thov stitching, nyob ntawm seb cov duab kos duab.
Qhov ceev ntawm cov theem tuaj yeem txav mus yog qhov sib piv rau tag nrho lub sijhawm raug ntawm TDI lub koob yees duab, yog li lub sijhawm luv luv (1-20ms) muab qhov kev txhim kho loj tshaj plaws hauv cov duab nrawm piv rau cheeb tsam scan koob yees duab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj lossis ntau dua txo nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sijhawm tau txais. Rau lub sij hawm raug ntev dua (xws li> 100ms), qhov chaw scan feem ntau tuaj yeem khaws lub sijhawm kom zoo dua.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov duab loj heev (2 Gigapixel) fluorescence microscopy tsim hauv kaum vib nas this tsuas yog pom hauv daim duab 2. Ib qho duab sib npaug tsim nrog lub koob yees duab hauv cheeb tsam scan yuav xav tias yuav siv sijhawm li ob peb feeb.
Daim duab 2: 2 Gigapixel duab tsim hauv 10 vib nas this los ntawm TDI scanning & stitching
Nco tseg: 10x magnification duab tau siv Tucsen Dhyana 9kTDI ntawm cov cwj mem highlighter pom nrog fluorescence microscopy. Tau txais hauv 10 vib nas this siv 3.6 ms raug lub sijhawm. Cov duab loj: 30mm x 17mm, 58,000 x 34,160 pixels.
Synchronizing TDI
Lub synchronization ntawm TDI lub koob yees duab nrog cov kev yees duab (rau li ntawm ob peb feem pua) yog qhov tseem ceeb - qhov nrawm tsis sib haum yuav ua rau muaj 'zais qhov muag plooj' nyhuv. Qhov no synchronization yuav ua tau ob txoj kev:
Kev kwv yees: Lub koob yees duab ceev yog teem kom phim cov lus tsa suab nrawm raws li kev paub ntawm cov qauv txav ceev, optics (magnification), thiab lub koob yees duab pixel loj. Los yog sim thiab ua yuam kev.
Ua rau: Ntau theem microscope, gantry thiab lwm yam khoom siv los txav cov duab thaij duab tuaj yeem suav nrog cov encoders uas xa cov mem tes rau lub koob yees duab rau qhov kev txav deb. Qhov no tso cai rau cov theem / gantry thiab lub koob yees duab kom nyob twj ywm hauv sync txawm tias qhov nrawm nrawm.
TDI koob yees duab vs. Kab Scan and Area Scan Cameras
Nov yog yuav ua li cas TDI piv rau lwm yam kev yees duab nrov:
| Feature | TDI Camera | Kab Scan lub koob yees duab | Cheeb tsam Scan lub koob yees duab |
| rhiab heev | Siab heev | Nruab nrab | Tsawg rau nruab nrab |
| Image Quality (txoj kev) | Zoo heev | Zoo | Blurred ntawm kev kub ceev |
| Teeb pom kev zoo | Tsawg | Nruab nrab | Siab |
| Motion Compatibility | Zoo heev (yog tias synchronized) | Zoo | pluag |
| Zoo tshaj rau | High-speed, low-light | Cov khoom txav ceev ceev | Static lossis qeeb scenes |
TDI yog qhov kev xaiv meej thaum qhov chaw txav mus sai thiab cov teeb pom kev tsawg tsawg. Kab scan yog ib kauj ruam hauv rhiab heev, thaum cheeb tsam scan zoo dua rau kev teeb tsa yooj yim lossis nyob ruaj ruaj.
Xaiv Txoj Cai TDI Lub Koob Yees Duab
Thaum xaiv lub koob yees duab TDI, xav txog cov hauv qab no:
● Tus naj npawb ntawm TDI theem: Ntau theem nce SNR, tab sis kuj raug nqi thiab nyuaj.
● Hom Sensor: sCMOS nyiam rau nws qhov ceev thiab suab nrov; CCD kuj tseem yuav tsim nyog rau qee cov txheej txheem qub qub.
● Interface: Ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog koj lub kaw lus—Lub Koob Yees Duab Txuas, CoaXPress, thiab 10GigE yog cov kev xaiv zoo ib yam, 100G CoF thiab 40G CoF tau tshwm sim raws li cov qauv tshiab.
● Spectral teb: Xaiv ntawm monochrome, xim, lossis ze-infrared (NIR) raws li daim ntawv thov xav tau.
● Cov kev xaiv synchronization: Nrhiav cov yam ntxwv zoo li encoder inputs lossis lwm yam kev txhawb nqa rau kev sib dhos zoo dua.
Yog tias koj daim ntawv thov suav nrog cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo, kev tshuaj xyuas kev kub ceev, lossis ib puag ncig qis, sCMOS TDI yog qhov zoo.
Xaus
TDI cov koob yees duab sawv cev rau kev hloov pauv muaj zog hauv kev yees duab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsim los ntawm sCMOS sensors. Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov lus tsa suab synchronization nrog ntau txoj kab kev sib koom ua ke, lawv muab qhov tsis sib haum xeeb rhiab heev thiab pom tseeb rau qhov dynamic, qis-teeb scenes.
Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tshuaj xyuas wafers, scanning slides, lossis ua cov kev soj ntsuam ceev ceev, kev nkag siab li cas TDI ua haujlwm tuaj yeem pab koj xaiv cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws ntawmkoob yees duab scientificrau koj cov kev sib tw imaging.
FAQ
Lub koob yees duab TDI puas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam scan hom?
TDI lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem tsim (nyias heev) 2-dimensional dluab nyob rau hauv ib qho 'chaw-scan-zoo li' hom, ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom yuam kev ntawm lub sijhawm sensor. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tau rau cov dej num xws li kev tsom xam thiab kev sib tw.
Txhawm rau pib 'thaj chaw-scan raug', lub sensor yog thawj 'nrawm' los ntawm kev nce qib TDI yam tsawg kawg nkaus raws li lub koob yees duab muaj theem, ceev li sai tau, ces nres. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj software, lossis kho vajtse ua rau, thiab ua tau zoo hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Piv txwv li, lub koob yees duab 256-theem yuav tsum nyeem tsawg kawg 256 kab, ces nres. Qhov no 256 kab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug muab pov tseg.
Thaum lub koob yees duab tsis tau tshwm sim los yog kab nyeem tawm, lub sensor coj ib yam li thaj tsam-scan sensor nthuav tawm cov duab.
Lub sijhawm uas xav tau yuav tsum dhau mus nrog lub koob yees duab tsis ua haujlwm, ua ntej rov ua lub koob yees duab los ntawm tsawg kawg nws cov theem, nyeem tawm txhua kab ntawm cov duab nyuam qhuav tau txais. Ib zaug ntxiv, qhov zoo tshaj plaws no 'nyeem tawm' theem yuav tsum tshwm sim hauv qhov tsaus ntuj.
Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem rov ua dua los muab 'nyob saib ua ntej' lossis ntu ntawm thaj chaw-scan dluab nrog tsawg distortion thiab qhov muag plooj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm TDI.
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