[ Mdima wakuda] - Kodi mdima wandiweyani ndi wofunikira pamalingaliro anga?

Mdima wakudandi gwero la phokoso la kamera lomwe limadalira kutentha ndi nthawi yowonekera, yoyezedwa mu ma electron pa pixel, pa sekondi imodzi ya nthawi yowonekera. Kwa mapulogalamu omwe akugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowonekera osakwana sekondi imodzi, ndi mdima wamdima wosakwana 1e-/p/s, amatha kunyalanyazidwa powerengera ma signal-to-noise-ratio.

Mwachitsanzo, pamtengo wakuda wa 0.001 e/p/s, nthawi yowonekera ya 1ms kapena masekondi 60 zonse zimatsogolera kuphokoso losawoneka bwino, pomwe phokoso limaperekedwa ndi mdima wapano wochulukitsidwa ndi nthawi yowonekera, zonse pansi pa muzu wa sikweya. Komabe, kamera yosiyana yokhala ndi 2e-/p/s pakuwonekera kwa 60s ingathandize √120 = 11e- ya phokoso lakuda lakuda, lomwe lingakhale lofunika kwambiri kuposa phokoso lowerengedwa pamiyeso yotsika. Komabe, pakuwonekera kwa 1ms, ngakhale mulingo wapamwamba wapano wakuda ungakhale wopanda pake.

Chithunzi 1: Chithunzi 1 (a) chimachokera ku kamera ya CMOS yoziziritsa ya TucsenMtengo wa 20BWkuti mdima wapano ndi wotsika kwambiri ngati 0.001e/pixel/s. Chithunzi 1(b) chikuwonetsa kuti Chithunzi 1(a) chilia mbiri yabwino kwambiri yomweaOsatetezedwa ku phokoso lakuda lakuda ngakhale nthawi yowonekera ndi yayitali mpaka 10s.

Phokoso lapano lakuda limayamba chifukwa cha kusuntha kwa ma electron mkati mwa sensa ya kamera. Ma atomu onse amawona kugwedezeka kwa kutentha, ndipo nthawi zina ma elekitironi amatha 'kudumpha' kuchoka pagawo la sensa ya kamera kupita pachitsime cha pixel komwe ma electron opezeka amasungidwa. Ndizosatheka kusiyanitsa pakati pa ma elekitironi 'otentha' awa ndi ma elekitironi omwe atuluka kudzera pakuzindikira bwino kwa photon. Pakuwonekera kwa chithunzi, ma elekitironi otenthetserawa amatha kukula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chizindikiro chakuda chakuda. Komabe, chiwerengero chenicheni cha ma elekitironi chimachitika mwachisawawa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lakuda. Pamapeto pa chiwonetserocho, zolipiritsa zonse zimayezedwa kuchokera pa pixel yokonzekera kuwonekeranso.

Phokoso lakuda lakuda limadalira kutentha, koma limadaliranso kamangidwe ka sensa ya kamera ndi kamangidwe kake ndi zamagetsi za kamera, kotero zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera ku kamera kupita ku kamera pa kutentha komweko kwa sensor.

Kodi mdima wandiweyani ndi wofunikira pa chithunzi changa?Kaya mtengo wakuda womwe wapatsidwa uthandizira kwambiri pazithunzi zanu pakusintha kwaphokoso ndi mtundu wazithunzi zimatengera momwe mumaganizira.

Pazithunzi zowala kwambiri zokhala ndi mafotoni masauzande pa pixel imodzi pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa kamera, mdima wandiweyani ndi wokayikitsa kuti ukhale wofunikira pachithunzithunzi pokhapokha kuwonekera ti.mes ndi aatali kwambiri (makumi a masekondi mpaka mphindi) monga mu sayansi ya zakuthambo.