25/08/15M'malingaliro asayansi, kulondola ndi chilichonse. Kaya mujambula ma siginecha a fluorescence kapena mukuyang'ana zinthu zakuthambo zosaoneka bwino, mphamvu ya kamera yanu yozindikira kuwala imakhudza kwambiri zotsatira zanu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri, koma zosamvetsetseka, zomwe zili mu equation iyi ndi quantum ufanisi (QE).
Bukuli likuthandizani kuti QE ndi chiyani, chifukwa chake ili yofunika, momwe mungatanthauzire mafotokozedwe a QE, komanso momwe imafananizira mitundu yonse ya masensa. Ngati muli pa msika akamera ya sayansikapena kungoyesa kumvetsetsa ma data a kamera, izi ndi zanu.
Chithunzi: Tucsen wamba kamera QE zitsanzo zopindika
(a)Mtengo wa 6510(b)Dhyana 6060BSI(c)Libra 22
Kodi Kuchita Mwachangu kwa Quantum Ndi Chiyani?
Kuchita Mwachangu kwa Quantum ndikothekera kwa fotoni yomwe imafika pa sensa ya kamera ikupezeka, ndikutulutsa photoelectron mu silicon.
Pamagawo angapo paulendo wa Photon pofika pano, pali zotchinga zomwe zimatha kuyamwa mafotoni kapena kuwawonetsa kutali. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe zinthu zomwe zimawonekera 100% ku mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse wa chithunzi, kuphatikiza kusintha kulikonse pakupanga kumakhala ndi mwayi wowonetsa kapena kumwaza mafotoni.
Kuwonetsedwa ngati peresenti, kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kumatanthauzidwa ngati:
QE (%) = (Nambala ya ma elekitironi opangidwa / Chiwerengero cha mafotoni ochitika) × 100
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:
●Zotsatira zakunja za QE: Kuyezedwa kwa magwiridwe antchito kuphatikiza zotulukapo monga kuwunikira ndi kutaya kufalitsa.
●Mtengo wa magawo QE: Imayesa kutembenuka mtima mkati mwa sensa yokhayo, poganiza kuti mafotoni onse atengeka.
QE yapamwamba imatanthawuza kukhudzika kwa kuwala bwino ndi zizindikiro zamphamvu zazithunzi, makamaka pazithunzi zochepa kapena zochepa.
Chifukwa Chiyani Kuchita Bwino kwa Quantum Kumafunika M'makamera Asayansi?
Pakujambula, zimakhala zothandiza nthawi zonse kujambula mafotoni ambiri omwe akubwera omwe tingathe, makamaka pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira chidwi kwambiri.
Komabe, masensa apamwamba kwambiri a quantum amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa chavuto la uinjiniya lokulitsa chinthu chodzaza ndikusunga ntchito ya pixel, komanso chifukwa cha kuwunikira kumbuyo. Izi, monga muphunzirira, zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwambiri - koma zimabwera ndi kuchulukirachulukira kopanga.
Monga mafotokozedwe onse a kamera, kufunikira kwa kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kuyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse ndi zinthu zina pakugwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwanu. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambitsa chotsekera chapadziko lonse lapansi kumatha kubweretsa zabwino pamapulogalamu ambiri, koma nthawi zambiri sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito pa sensa ya BI. Kuphatikiza apo, pamafunika kuwonjezera kwa transistor yowonjezera ku pixel. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kudzaza chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwachulukidwe, ngakhale poyerekeza ndi masensa ena a FI.
Zitsanzo za ntchito zomwe QE ingakhale yofunika
Zitsanzo zingapo zofunsira:
● Kujambula kwapang'onopang'ono & fulorosisi ya zitsanzo zachilengedwe zosakhazikika
● Kujambula mothamanga kwambiri
● Kugwiritsa ntchito kachulukidwe komwe kamafuna miyeso yolondola kwambiri
QE ndi Mtundu wa Sensor
Ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana wa ma sensor azithunzi amawonetsa magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana. Umu ndi momwe QE imafananizira mitundu yayikulu yama sensor:
CCD (Charge-Coupled Chipangizo)
Kuyerekeza kwasayansi komwe kumakondedwa chifukwa chaphokoso lawo lotsika komanso ma QE apamwamba, nthawi zambiri amakwera pakati pa 70-90%. Ma CCD amapambana pamagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zakuthambo ndi kujambula kwakutali.
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)
Akangochepetsedwa ndi ma QE otsika komanso phokoso lowerengera kwambiri, masensa amakono a CMOS-makamaka zowunikira kumbuyo-agwira kwambiri. Ambiri tsopano afika pachimake cha QE pamwamba pa 80%, akupereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri ndi mitengo yachangu yamafelemu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono.
Onani zambiri zathu zapamwambaKamera ya CMOSzitsanzo kuti muwone momwe ukadaulo uwu wafika, mongaKamera ya Tucsen Libra 3405M sCMOS, kamera yasayansi yamphamvu kwambiri yopangidwa kuti ipangitse kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kochepa.
sCMOS (Scientific CMOS)
Gulu lapadera la CMOS lopangidwira kujambula kwasayansi,sCMOS kameraUkadaulo umaphatikiza QE yapamwamba (yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala 70-95%) yokhala ndi phokoso lochepa, kuchuluka kwamphamvu, komanso kupeza mwachangu. Ndikoyenera kujambula ma cell amoyo, microscope yothamanga kwambiri, ndi ma fluorescence amtundu wambiri.
Momwe Mungawerengere Mapiritsi a Quantum Efficiency Curve
Opanga nthawi zambiri amasindikiza ma curve a QE omwe amalinganiza bwino (%) kudutsa mafunde (nm). Ma curve awa ndi ofunikira kuti muwone momwe kamera imagwirira ntchito pamawonekedwe enaake.
Zinthu zofunika kuzifufuza:
●Mtengo wapatali wa magawo QE: Kuchita bwino kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mumtundu wa 500-600 nm (kuwala kobiriwira).
●Wavelength Range: Zenera lowoneka bwino lomwe QE imakhalabe pamtunda wothandiza (mwachitsanzo,> 20%).
●Zone Zosiya: QE imakonda kugwa m'madera a UV (<400 nm) ndi NIR (> 800 nm).
Kutanthauzira mopindikiraku kumakuthandizani kuti mufanane ndi mphamvu za sensa ndi momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito, kaya mukujambula mu mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, pafupi ndi infrared, kapena UV.
Wavelength Kudalira Kwa Quantum Kuchita Bwino
Chithunzi: QE curve yowonetsa zofananira zamasensa opangidwa ndi silicon akutsogolo & kumbuyo
ZINDIKIRANI: Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuthekera kwa kuzindikirika kwa mafoto (kuchuluka kwa ma photon, %) motsutsana ndi kutalika kwa mawonekedwe a chithunzi pamakamera anayi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masensa ndi zokutira zimatha kusintha ma curve awa kwambiri
Kuchita bwino kwa quantum kumadalira kutalika kwa mafunde, monga zikuwonekera pachithunzichi. Makamera ambiri opangidwa ndi silicon amawonetsa kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kwawo mu gawo lowoneka bwino la sipekitiramu, nthawi zambiri kudera lobiriwira mpaka lachikasu, kuyambira 490nm mpaka 600nm. Ma curve a QE amatha kusinthidwa kudzera mu zokutira za sensa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti apereke chiwongola dzanja cha QE mozungulira 300nm mu ultra-violet (UV), mozungulira 850nm pafupi ndi infra red (NIR), ndi zosankha zambiri pakati.
Makamera onse okhala ndi silicon amawonetsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ku 1100nm, pomwe ma photon alibenso mphamvu zokwanira zotulutsa ma photoelectron. Kugwira ntchito kwa UV kumatha kukhala kocheperako mu masensa okhala ndi ma microlens kapena galasi lazenera lotsekera la UV, lomwe limalepheretsa kuwala kwautali waufupi kufika pa sensa.
Pakatikati, ma curve a QE sakhala osalala komanso osalala, ndipo m'malo mwake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nsonga zing'onozing'ono ndi mbiya zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso kuwonekera kwa zida zomwe ma pixel amapangidwa.
M'mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kukhudzidwa kwa UV kapena NIR, kutengera ma curve a kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kumatha kukhala kofunikira kwambiri, monga momwe makamera ena amagwirira ntchito amatha kukhala akulu kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa ena kumapeto kwenikweni kwa ma curve.
Kumverera kwa X-ray
Masensa ena a kamera ya silicon amatha kugwira ntchito pagawo lowoneka bwino la sipekitiramu, pomwe amathanso kuzindikira kutalika kwa mafunde a X-ray. Komabe, makamera nthawi zambiri amafunikira uinjiniya wapadera kuti athe kuthana ndi kukhudzidwa kwa ma X-ray pamagetsi a kamera, komanso ndi zipinda zotsekera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera ma X-ray.
Makamera a infrared
Pomaliza, masensa osatengera silicon koma pazinthu zina amatha kuwonetsa ma curve a QE osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, makamera a InGaAs a infrared, ozikidwa pa Indium Gallium Arsenide m'malo mwa silicon, amatha kuzindikira kutalika kwa mafunde mu NIR, mpaka kupitilira 2700nm, kutengera mtundu wa sensor.
Kuchita Bwino kwa Quantum vs. Zina za Kamera
Kuchita bwino kwa Quantum ndi gawo lalikulu la magwiridwe antchito, koma simagwira paokha. Umu ndi momwe zikugwirizanirana ndi zofunikira zina za kamera:
QE vs. Sensitivity
Sensitivity ndi kuthekera kwa kamera kuzindikira ma siginecha omwe akomoka. QE imathandizira mwachindunji kukhudzika, koma zinthu zina monga kukula kwa pixel, phokoso lowerengera, ndi mdima wakuda zimagwiranso ntchito.
QE vs. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
QE yapamwamba imathandizira SNR popanga ma siginecha ambiri (ma elekitironi) pa fotoni iliyonse. Koma phokoso lambiri, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwamagetsi kapena kuzizira kosakwanira, kumatha kuwonongabe chithunzicho.
QE vs. Dynamic Range
Ngakhale kuti QE imakhudza kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumapezeka, mitundu yosinthika imalongosola chiyerekezo pakati pa ma siginecha owala kwambiri ndi akuda kwambiri omwe kamera imatha kunyamula. Kamera yokwera kwambiri ya QE yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osasinthika imatha kutulutsabe zotsatira zocheperako pamawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri.
Mwachidule, kuchita bwino kwa quantum ndikofunikira, koma nthawi zonse muziwunikira limodzi ndi zofananira.
Kodi "Zabwino" za Quantum Kuchita Bwino Ndi Chiyani?
Palibe "yabwino" QE yapadziko lonse lapansi - zimatengera kugwiritsa ntchito kwanu. Izi zati, nayi ma benchmarks:
| Mtengo wa QE | Mulingo Wantchito | Gwiritsani Ntchito Milandu |
| <40% | Zochepa | Si yabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi sayansi |
| 40-60% | Avereji | Ntchito zasayansi zoyambira |
| 60-80% | Zabwino | Zoyenera ntchito zambiri zojambula |
| 80-95% | Zabwino kwambiri | Kuwala kotsika, kulondola kwambiri, kapena kujambula kwapa photon |
Komanso, lingalirani pachimake cha QE motsutsana ndi pafupifupi QE pamawonekedwe omwe mukufuna.
Mapeto
Kuchita bwino kwa Quantum ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri, koma zonyalanyazidwa, posankha chida chojambula chasayansi. Kaya mukuwunika ma CCD, makamera a sCMOS, kapena makamera a CMOS, kumvetsetsa QE kumakuthandizani:
● Fotokozerani mmene kamera yanu idzagwirira ntchito mukamaunikira zenizeni
● Yerekezerani zinthu mosaganizira za malonda
● Fananizani makamera ndi zomwe mukufuna zasayansi
Pamene ukadaulo wa masensa ukupita patsogolo, makamera asayansi amakono a QE amapereka chidwi komanso kusinthika kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma ziribe kanthu kuti zida zapamwamba bwanji, kusankha chida choyenera kumayamba ndikumvetsetsa momwe kuchuluka kwachulukira kumayenderana ndi chithunzi chachikulu.
FAQs
Kodi kuchita bwino kwambiri kwachulukidwe kumakhala bwinoko mu kamera yasayansi?
Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa quantum (QE) nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kamera kuti izindikire kuwala kocheperako, komwe kumakhala kofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito ngati ma microscopy a fluorescence, zakuthambo, ndi kujambula kwa molekyulu imodzi. Komabe, QE ndi gawo limodzi chabe la mbiri yabwino. Kamera ya QE yapamwamba yokhala ndi kusinthasintha kosasinthika, phokoso lowerenga kwambiri, kapena kuzizira kosakwanira ikhoza kuperekabe zotsatira zocheperako. Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, nthawi zonse yesani QE kuphatikiza ndi zina zazikulu monga phokoso, kuya pang'ono, ndi kamangidwe ka masensa.
Kodi kuchuluka kwa quantum kumayesedwa bwanji?
Kuchita bwino kwa quantum kumayesedwa powunikira sensor yokhala ndi nambala yodziwika ya ma photon pamlingo wina wake wavelength ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ma electron opangidwa ndi sensa. Izi zimachitika makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito gwero la kuwala kwa monochromatic ndi fotodiode yofotokozera. Mtengo wotsatira wa QE umapangidwa mozungulira mafunde kuti apange ma curve a QE. Izi zimathandiza kudziwa momwe sensor imayankhira, yofunikira kwambiri kuti mufananize kamera ndi gwero la kuwala kwa pulogalamu yanu kapena kuchuluka komwe kumatulutsa.
Kodi mapulogalamu kapena zosefera zakunja zingapangitse kuchuluka kwachangu?
No. Quantum Efficiency ndi chinthu chamkati, cha hardware cha sensa ya chithunzi ndipo sichingasinthidwe ndi mapulogalamu kapena zipangizo zakunja. Komabe, zosefera zimatha kuwongolera chithunzi chonse powonjezera chiŵerengero cha ma signal-to-phokoso (monga kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zotulutsa muzinthu za fluorescence), ndi mapulogalamu atha kuthandiza kuchepetsa phokoso kapena kukonza pambuyo pake. Komabe, izi sizisintha mtengo wa QE wokha.
Tucsen Photonics Co., Ltd. Ufulu wonse ndi wotetezedwa. Potchulapo, chonde vomerezani gwero:www.tucsen.com
