25/08/08Mu kujambula kwa mafakitale ndi sayansi, kulanda zinthu zoyenda mofulumira pansi pa kuwala kochepa kumakhala kovuta nthawi zonse. Ndipamene makamera a Time Delay Integration (TDI) amalowera. Ukadaulo wa TDI umaphatikiza kulumikizana koyenda ndi mawonetsedwe angapo kuti apereke chidwi chapadera komanso kumveka bwino kwazithunzi, makamaka m'malo othamanga kwambiri.
Kodi TDI Camera Ndi Chiyani?
Kamera ya TDI ndi kamera yapadera yojambulira mzere yomwe imajambula zithunzi za zinthu zoyenda. Mosiyana ndi makamera ojambulira amderali omwe amawonetsa chimango chonse nthawi imodzi, makamera a TDI amasintha mtengo kuchokera pamzere umodzi wa pixel kupita ku wina mogwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka chinthucho. Mzere uliwonse wa pixel umakhala ndi kuwala pamene mutu ukuyenda, kumawonjezera nthawi yowonekera komanso kukulitsa mphamvu ya siginecha popanda kuyambitsa kusawoneka bwino.
Kuphatikizika kwa ndalamazi kumakulitsa kwambiri chiŵerengero cha signal-to-noise (SNR), kupanga makamera a TDI kukhala abwino kwa mapulogalamu othamanga kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri.
Kodi Kamera ya TDI Imagwira Ntchito Motani?
Kugwira ntchito kwa kamera ya TDI kukuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1.
Chithunzi 1: Ntchito ya Time Delay Integration (TDI) masensa
ZINDIKIRANI: Makamera a TDI amasuntha ndalama zolipiritsa pa 'magawo' angapo polumikizana ndi mutu wojambula wosuntha. Gawo lirilonse limapereka mwayi wowonjezera wowonekera ku kuwala. Kuwonetsedwa kudzera pa 'T' yowala yomwe ikuyenda pa kamera, yokhala ndi gawo la 5 ndi gawo la 5-segment ya TDI sensor. Tucsen Dhyana 9KTDI yokhala ndi mayendedwe amtundu wa CCD wosakanizidwa koma kuwerengera kofanana kwamtundu wa CMOS.
Makamera a TDI ndi makamera ojambulira bwino mizere, omwe ali ndi kusiyana kumodzi kofunikira: m'malo mwa mzere umodzi wa ma pixel omwe amapeza deta monga makamera amasinthidwa pamutu wojambula, makamera a TDI ali ndi mizere ingapo, yotchedwa 'masitepe', mpaka 256.
Komabe, mizere iyi sipanga chithunzi cha 2-dimensional ngati kamera yojambula m'dera. M'malo mwake, pamene mutu wojambula wojambulidwa umayenda pa sensa ya kamera, ma photoelectrons omwe amapezeka mkati mwa pixel iliyonse amasuntha kupita pamzere wotsatira mogwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka mutu wa chithunzicho, osawerengedwa. Mzere uliwonse wowonjezera umapereka mwayi wowonjezera wowonetsera chithunzicho pa kuwala. Kagawo kakang'ono ka chithunzi kakafika pamzere womaliza wa ma pixel a sensa ndi mzere womwewo kenako umaperekedwa kumamangidwe owerengera kuti ayesedwe.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale miyeso ingapo ikuchitika pamagawo a kamera, gawo limodzi lokha la phokoso lowerengedwa la kamera limayambitsidwa. Kamera ya TDI ya 256-stage imapangitsa kuti chithunzichi chiziwoneka nthawi 256 motalikirapo, motero chimakhala ndi nthawi yowonekera nthawi 256 kuposa kamera yojambulira mzere wofananira. Nthawi yofananira ndi kamera yojambulira m'dera ikhoza kupangitsa kuti chithunzicho chikhale chopanda ntchito.
Kodi TDI Ingagwiritsidwe Ntchito Liti?
Makamera a TDI ndi yankho labwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kujambula komwe mutu wojambulira ukuyenda molingana ndi kamera, kupereka kuti kuyenda kumakhala kofanana pamawonekedwe a kamera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwa TDI kumaphatikizapo, kumbali imodzi, zonse za kusanthula mzere kumene zithunzi za 2-dimensional zimapangidwira, pamene zimabweretsa kuthamanga kwakukulu, kumveka bwino kwa kuwala kochepa, khalidwe labwino la zithunzi, kapena zonse zitatu mwakamodzi. Kumbali inayi, pali njira zambiri zojambulira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito makamera am'dera momwe makamera a TDI angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kwa high-sensitivity sCMOS TDI, kujambula kwa 'tile ndi stitch' mu biological fluorescence microscopy kungathe kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito sikani yokhazikika ya siteji m'malo mwa matayala. Kapena TDI yonse ikhoza kukhala yoyenera kuyang'anira ntchito. Ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri ya TDI ndi kujambula kwa cytometry, komwe zithunzi za fluorescence za maselo zimapezedwa pamene zikudutsa kamera pamene ikuyenda kudzera mu microfluidic channel.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa sCMOS TDI
Ubwino
● Itha kujambula zithunzi zamuwiri wamitundumitundu pa liwiro lalikulu poyang'ana pamutu wojambula.
● Magawo angapo a TDI, phokoso lochepa, ndi ma QE apamwamba amatha kupangitsa chidwi kwambiri kuposa makamera ojambulira mzere.
● Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwambiri kungathe kupezedwa, mwachitsanzo, mpaka 510,000Hz (mizere pa sekondi iliyonse), pa chithunzi cha 9,072-pixel-wide.
●Kuwala kumangofunika kukhala 1-dimensional ndipo sikungafunike malo athyathyathya kapena kuwongolera kwina kwachiwiri (kufufuzidwa). Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yayitali yowonekera poyerekeza ndi sikani ya mizere imatha 'kufewetsa' chifukwa cha magwero a kuwala kwa AC.
● Zithunzi zosuntha zimatha kupezeka popanda kusokoneza komanso kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kukhudzidwa.
●Kusanthula madera akulu kumatha kukhala mwachangu kwambiri kuposa makamera ojambulira dera.
● Pokhala ndi mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri kapena kuyika koyambitsa, mawonekedwe a 'area-scan-like' atha kupereka chithunzithunzi cha dera kuti chiwoneke ndi kuyanika.
kuipa
● Phokoso likadali lalitali kuposa makamera wamba a sCMOS, kutanthauza kuti magetsi otsika kwambiri sakupezeka.
● Pamafunika machunidwe akatswiri okhala ndi zoyambitsa zapamwamba kuti mulunzanitse kusuntha kwa chithunzi ndi sikani ya kamera, kuwongolera bwino kwambiri kuthamanga, kapena kulosera kolondola kwa liwiro kuti athe kulunzanitsa.
● Monga tekinoloje yatsopano, pali njira zochepa zothanirana ndi hardware ndi mapulogalamu a pulogalamu.
Low-light-catable sCMOS TDI
Ngakhale TDI ngati njira yojambulira imayambira kujambulidwa kwa digito, ndipo kale idaposa jambulani pamzere, m'zaka zingapo zapitazi pomwe makamera a TDI adapeza chidwi chofunikira kuti afikire mapulogalamu opepuka omwe nthawi zambiri amafunikira chidwi cha sayansi.sCMOS makamera.
'sCMOS TDI' imaphatikizira kayendedwe kazinthu kamtundu wa CCD pa sensa ndi kuwerengera ngati sCMOS, zokhala ndi zowunikira kumbuyo zomwe zilipo. Makamera am'mbuyomu a CCD kapena a TDI a CMOS anali ndi kuwerenga pang'onopang'ono, ma pixel ang'onoang'ono, magawo ochepera, ndipo amawerenga phokoso pakati pa 30e- ndi >100e-. Mosiyana, sCMOS TDI monga TucsenDhyana 9KTDI sCMOS kameraimapereka phokoso lowerengera la 7.2e-, lophatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwachulukidwe bwino kudzera pakuwunikira kumbuyo, kupangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito TDI pakugwiritsa ntchito kwapang'onopang'ono kocheperako kuposa momwe kungathekere.
M'mapulogalamu ambiri, nthawi yayitali yowonekera yothandizidwa ndi njira ya TDI imatha kubweza kuchuluka kwa phokoso lowerengera poyerekeza ndi makamera apamwamba kwambiri a sCMOS okhala ndi phokoso lowerengera pafupi ndi 1e-.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Wamba kwa Makamera a TDI
Makamera a TDI amapezeka m'mafakitale ambiri komwe kulondola komanso kuthamanga ndikofunikira kwambiri:
● Kuyang'ana kwa semiconductor wafer
● Kuyesa kwa Flat panel display (FPD).
● Kuyendera pa intaneti (mapepala, filimu, zojambulazo, nsalu)
● Kuwunika kwa X-ray pofufuza zachipatala kapena kuwunika katundu
● Slide ndi mbale zambiri zojambulira mu digito pathology
● Kujambula kwa hyperspectral mu kuzindikira kwakutali kapena ulimi
● Kuwunika kwa PCB ndi zamagetsi mu mizere ya SMT
Mapulogalamuwa amapindula ndi kusiyanasiyana kowonjezereka, kuthamanga, ndi kumveka bwino komwe kujambula kwa TDI kumapereka pansi pa zovuta zenizeni.
Chitsanzo: Slide ndi Multi-Well Plate Scanning
Monga tafotokozera, pulogalamu imodzi yomwe ili ndi lonjezo lalikulu la makamera a sCMOS TDI ndikusoka mapulogalamu, kuphatikiza ma slide kapena masanjidwe amitundu yambiri. Kusanthula zitsanzo zazikulu za fulorosenti kapena kuwala kowoneka bwino ndi makamera am'dera la 2-dimensional kumadalira kusoketsa gulu la zithunzi zopangidwa kuchokera kumayendedwe angapo a XY microscope stage. Chithunzi chilichonse chimafuna siteji kuyimitsa, kukhazikika, ndikuyambitsanso, limodzi ndi kuchedwa kulikonse kwa chotsekera. TDI, kumbali ina, imatha kupeza zithunzi pomwe siteji ikuyenda. Chithunzicho chimapangidwa kuchokera ku 'mikwingwirima' yaying'ono yayitali, iliyonse ikuphimba m'lifupi mwake mwachitsanzocho. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti anthu azitha kupeza mwachangu kwambiri komanso kutulutsa kwa data pamapulogalamu onse osoka, kutengera momwe amajambula.
Liwiro lomwe gawolo limatha kusuntha limagwirizana mosagwirizana ndi nthawi yonse yowonekera ya kamera ya TDI, kotero kuti nthawi zazifupi (1-20ms) zimapereka kusintha kwakukulu pa liwiro la kujambula poyerekeza ndi makamera ojambulira m'dera, zomwe zitha kubweretsa kuyitanitsa kukula kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yogula yonse. Kwa nthawi yayitali (monga> 100ms), kusanthula kwadera kumatha kukhala ndi mwayi wanthawi.
Chitsanzo cha chithunzi chachikulu kwambiri (2 Gigapixel) cha fluorescence microscopy chopangidwa mumasekondi khumi okha chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2. Chithunzi chofanana chopangidwa ndi kamera yojambula dera chikhoza kuyembekezeka kutenga mphindi zingapo.
Chithunzi 2: Chithunzi cha 2 Gigapixel chopangidwa mumasekondi a 10 kudzera pa TDI scanning & stitching
ZINDIKIRANI: Chithunzi chokulirapo cha 10x chopezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Tucsen Dhyana 9kTDI ya madontho owunikira owoneka ndi ma microscopy a fluorescence. Kupezedwa mumasekondi 10 pogwiritsa ntchito 3.6 ms kuwonekera nthawi. Makulidwe azithunzi: 30mm x 17mm, 58,000 x 34,160 mapikiselo.
Kuyanjanitsa TDI
Kuyanjanitsa kwa kamera ya TDI ndi mutu wojambula (mpaka mkati mwa ochepa peresenti) ndikofunikira - kusagwirizana kwa liwiro kumabweretsa 'kusawoneka bwino'. Kulunzanitsa uku kungachitike m'njira ziwiri:
Zolosera: Liwiro la kamera lakhazikitsidwa kuti lifanane ndi liwiro loyenda potengera chidziwitso cha liwiro lachitsanzo, ma optics (kukula), ndi kukula kwa pixel ya kamera. Kapena kuyesa ndi zolakwika.
Zoyambitsa: Masitepe ambiri a maikulosikopu, ma gantries ndi zida zina zosunthira zinthu zojambulidwa zitha kuphatikiza ma encoder omwe amatumiza kugunda kwa kamera ku mtunda womwe waperekedwa. Izi zimalola siteji / gantry ndi kamera kukhalabe kulunzanitsa mosasamala kanthu za liwiro la kuyenda.
Makamera a TDI vs. Line Scan ndi Area Scan Camera
Umu ndi momwe TDI ikufananizira ndi matekinoloje ena otchuka amajambula:
| Mbali | Kamera ya TDI | Line Scan Camera | Area Scan Camera |
| Kumverera | Wapamwamba kwambiri | Wapakati | Otsika mpaka Pakatikati |
| Ubwino wa Zithunzi (kuyenda) | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino | Zosawoneka bwino kwambiri |
| Zofunikira Zowunikira | Zochepa | Wapakati | Wapamwamba |
| Kugwirizana koyenda | Zabwino kwambiri (ngati zolumikizidwa) | Zabwino | Osauka |
| Zabwino Kwambiri | Kuthamanga kwambiri, kuwala kochepa | Zinthu zoyenda mwachangu | Mawonekedwe osasunthika kapena odekha |
TDI ndiye chisankho chomveka bwino pamene zochitika zikuyenda mofulumira ndipo miyeso ya kuwala imakhala yochepa. Kusanthula kwa mzere ndi gawo lotsika pakukhudzidwa, pomwe kusanthula kwadera kumakhalako kwabwinoko pakukhazikitsa kosavuta kapena kokhazikika.
Kusankha Kamera Yoyenera ya TDI
Posankha kamera ya TDI, ganizirani izi:
● Chiwerengero cha magawo a TDI: Masitepe ambiri amawonjezera SNR, komanso mtengo ndi zovuta.
● Mtundu wa sensa: sCMOS imakondedwa chifukwa cha liwiro lake ndi phokoso lochepa; CCD ikhoza kukhalabe yoyenera pamakina ena oyambira.
● Chiyankhulo: Onetsetsani kuti zikugwirizana ndi dongosolo lanu-Camera Link, CoaXPress, ndi 10GigE ndizofala zomwe mungasankhe, 100G CoF ndi 40G CoF zatulukira ngati zatsopano.
● Mayankho owoneka bwino: Sankhani pakati pa monochrome, mtundu, kapena pafupi ndi infrared (NIR) kutengera zosowa za pulogalamu.
● Zosankha zamalunzanitsidwe: Yang'anani zinthu monga zolowetsa encoder kapena chothandizira choyambitsa chakunja kuti mugwirizane bwino.
Ngati ntchito yanu ikukhudza zitsanzo zachilengedwe, kuyang'ana mwachangu, kapena malo opepuka pang'ono, sCMOS TDI ndiyoyenera.
Mapeto
Makamera a TDI amayimira kusinthika kwamphamvu muukadaulo wazojambula, makamaka akamangidwa pa masensa a sCMOS. Mwa kuphatikiza kusinthasintha koyenda ndi kuphatikiza kwa mizere yambiri, amapereka chidwi chosayerekezeka komanso kumveka bwino kwazithunzi zowoneka bwino, zopepuka.
Kaya mukuyang'ana zowotcha, kusanthula zithunzi, kapena kuyang'ana mwachangu, kumvetsetsa momwe TDI imagwirira ntchito kungakuthandizeni kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri pakati pawo.makamera asayansikwa zovuta zanu zamafanizo.
FAQ
Kodi makamera a TDI atha kugwira ntchito m'malo ojambulira?
Makamera a TDI amatha kupanga (zoonda kwambiri) zithunzi za 2-dimensional mu 'area-scan-like' mode, zomwe zimatheka kudzera mwachinyengo cha nthawi ya sensor. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza pazinthu monga kuyang'ana komanso kuwongolera.
Kuti muyambe 'kuwonetsetsa kwazithunzi', sensa imatsukidwa koyamba ndikupititsa patsogolo TDI osachepera masitepe ambiri momwe kamera iliri ndi magawo, mwachangu momwe mungathere, ndikuyimitsa. Izi zimatheka kudzera pakuwongolera mapulogalamu, kapena kuyambitsa kwa hardware, ndipo kumachitika mumdima. Mwachitsanzo, kamera ya masitepe 256 iyenera kuwerenga mizere 256, ndiye kuyimitsa. Mizere 256 iyi ya data imatayidwa.
Ngakhale kamera siyikuyambika kapena mizere ikuwerengedwa, sensa imachita ngati sensa ya m'dera yomwe ikuwonetsa chithunzi.
Nthawi yowonekera iyenera kutha ndi kamera ilibe kanthu, musanatsogolerenso kamera ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo ake, ndikuwerenga mzere uliwonse wa chithunzi chomwe wangopeza. Apanso, gawo ili la 'kuwerenga' liyenera kuchitika mumdima.
Njirayi imatha kubwerezedwanso kuti ipereke 'chiwonetsero chamoyo' kapena mndandanda wazithunzi zowonera madera osasokoneza pang'ono komanso osawoneka bwino kuchokera pakuchita kwa TDI.
Tucsen Photonics Co., Ltd. Ufulu wonse ndi wotetezedwa. Potchulapo, chonde vomerezani gwero:www.tucsen.com
