24/05/22EMCCD sensors chaive chizaruro: wedzera kunzwa kwako nekudzikisa ruzha rwako rwekuverenga. Zvakanaka, zvakada, zvakanyanya isu taive tichiwedzera chiratidzo kuti ruzha rwako rwekuverenga ruite senge rwudiki.
Uye isu taivada, ivo vakawana imba yepedyo ine yakaderera chiratidzo chebasa senge molecule imwe chete uye spectroscopy uye ndokupararira pakati pe microscope system vanopa zvinhu zvakaita sekuspina disc, super resolution nezvimwe. Zvino takavauraya. Kana kuti takazviita?
EMCCD tekinoroji ine nhoroondo yayo nevaviri vakakosha vatengesi: e2V uye Texas Instruments. E2V, ikozvino Teledyne e2V, yakatanga kutenderera ichi nema sensors ekutanga kusvika kumagumo ema1990s asi yakaita nhanho chaidzo nemusiyano unogamuchirwa zvakanyanya, iine mutsara we512 x 512 ine 16-micron pixels.
Iyi yekutanga, uye pamwe yakanyanya kutonga EMCCD sensor yaive nemhedzisiro uye hafu yeiyi yaive saizi yepixel chaiyo. 16-micron pixels pamaikorosikopu akaunganidza ka6 kakapetwa ka6 pane yainyanyozivikanwa yeCCD yenguva iyoyo, ICX285, inoratidzwa mune yakakurumbira CoolSnap uye Orca nhevedzano. Kupfuura saizi yepixel, zvishandiso izvi zvakange zvave kuvhenekerwa zvichishandura 30% mamwe mafotoni achitora iyo 6 nguva yakakura kunzwisiswa ku7.
Saka zvinobudirira EMCCD yaive yakapetwa kanomwe tisati tatomboibatidza uye nekuwana maitiro eEMCCD kuwana. Zvino hongu iwe unogona kupokana kuti unogona kusungirira CCD, kana kuti unogona kushandisa optics kugadzira mapikisi makuru saizi - vanhu vazhinji havana kuzviita!
Kupfuura izvi, kuwana ruzha rwekuverenga pazasi 1 erekitironi yaive kiyi. Yakanga iri kiyi, asi yakanga isiri yemahara. Maitiro ekuwanza akawedzera kusavimbika kwechiyero chechiratidzo zvichireva ruzha rwepfuti, rima riripo, uye chero chinhu chataive nacho tisati tawanza chakawedzerwa nechikamu che1.4. Saka izvozvo zvairevei? Zvakanaka, zvaireva kuti EMCCD yainyanya kunzwisiswa asi pachiedza chakaderera chete, ndizvozvo paunoda here?
Kupesana neCCD yekare, yanga isiri makwikwi. Hombe pixels, yakawanda QE, EM Gain. Uye isu tese taifara, kunyanya isu vedu mukutengesa kamera: $40,000, ndapota ...
Izvo chete zvinhu zvataigona kunge taita zvakanyanya nekumhanyisa, sensor nzvimbo, uye (kwete kuti isu taiziva kuti zvaigoneka) diki pixel saizi.
Zvino zvidzoreso kunze kwenyika uye kutevedzera zvakauya, uye izvo zvaisanakidza. Zvinoitika kuti kutevera mamorekuru ega uye matombo ekutevera zvakafanana, uye makambani emakamera nevatengi vavo vaifanira kudzora kutengesa kwekamera uye kutumira kunze kwenyika.
Ipapo sCMOS yakauya, kutanga nekuvimbisa pasirese-uyezve mumakore gumi anotevera yave kuda kuiburitsa. Mapikisi madiki achiwana vanhu ma 6.5 microns aaida kune 60x zvinangwa uye ese ane karuzha kekuverenga kanosvika 1.5 maerekitironi. Zvino iyi yanga isiri EMCCD chaiyo, asi ichipesana ne6 maerekitironi ekuenzanisa CCD tech yenguva yaishamisa.
Iyo yekutanga sCMOS yaive ichiri kumberi yakavhenekerwa. Asi muna 2016 kumashure kwakavhenekerwa sCMOS yakasvika, uye kuita kuti iratidzike zvakanyanya kunzwisiswa kune yepakutanga-yakavhenekerwa shanduro yaive ne 11-micron pixels. Nekuwedzera kweQE uye saizi yepixel kuwedzera, vatengi vakanzwa sekunge vaive ne 3.5 x mukana.
Pakupedzisira, muna 2021 iyo sub-electron yakaverengwa ruzha rwakaputswa nemamwe makamera achidzika kusvika 0.25 maerekitironi - zvaive zvapera kuEMCCD.
Kana kuti yaive...
Zvakanaka, diki redambudziko richiri pixel saizi. Zvakare unogona kuita zvaunoda optically asi pane imwecheteyo system, 4.6-micron pixel inounganidza 12 x shoma mwenje pane 16-micron imwe.
Zvino iwe waigona bhini, asi rangarira kusunga neyakajairwa CMOS kunowedzera ruzha nebasa reiyo binning chinhu. Saka vanhu vazhinji vanofara nemapikiseli avo 6.5-micron vachifunga kuti vanogona kupinza nzira yavo yekunzwa, asi vari kuwedzera kaviri ruzha rwavo rwekuverenga kune matatu maerekitironi.
Kunyangwe kana ruzha ruchigona kuderedzwa, saizi yepixel, uye izere zvakanaka kune iyo nyaya, ichiri kukanganisa kwekuunganidza chaiko chiratidzo.
Chimwe chinhu ndechekuwana uye kusiyanisa - kuve negrey yakawanda uye kutema chiratidzo chako kumusoro kudiki kunopa mutsauko uri nani. Unogona kuva neruzha rwakafanana asi paunoratidza grey 2 chete paerekitironi rega rega rine CMOS hauwane zvakawanda zvekutamba nazvo kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uine maerekitironi mashanu ekutamba nawo, unogona kuita ruzha rwakafanana.
Pakupedzisira, zvakadini nekuvhara? Dzimwe nguva ndinofunga tinokanganwa kuti chaive nesimba sei chombo ichi muEMCCD: zvivhariso zvepasi rose zvinobatsira chaizvo uye zvakareruka uye zvinomhanya, kunyanya mumasisitimu akaomesesa ezvikamu zvakawanda.
Iyo chete sCMOS kamera yandakaona ichiuya kunyange pedyo ne512 x 512 EMCCD sensor ndiyo Aries 16. Izvi zvinotanga ne 16-micron pixels uye inopa 0.8 maerekitironi eruzha rwekuverenga pasina chikonzero chebhini. Kune masaini epamusoro 5 mafotoni (pa 16-micron pixel), ndinofunga ndiyo yakanakisa yandati ndamboona uye inenge hafu yemutengo.
Saka EMCCD yakafa here? Aiwa, uye haizofi chaizvoizvo kutozosvikira tawana chimwe chinhu chakanaka kudaro zvakare. Dambudziko nderekuti, zvakanaka, matambudziko ese: ruzha rwakanyanya, kuchembera, kudzora kunze ...
Dai tekinoroji yeEMCCD yaive ndege, ingave iri Concord. Wese aifamba nendege aiida, asi pamwe vaisaida uye iye zvino ine zvigaro zvakakura nemaflatbed – ingorara maawa matatu ekuwedzera mhiri kweAtlantic.
EMCCD, kusiyana neConcord, ichiri kurarama nekuti vamwe vanhu - nhamba diki, inogara ichidzikira - vachiri kuida. Kana kuti pamwe vanongofunga kuti vanodaro?
Uchishandisa EMCCD, iyo inodhura zvakanyanya uye yakaoma-inoshandiswa zvakanyanya-inoshandiswa yekufungidzira tekinoroji haiite iwe wakasarudzika, kana nyanzvi yekufungidzira - uri kungoita chimwe chinhu chakasiyana. Uye kana usati waedza kuchinja, saka pamwe unofanira.
