22/02/25I-Quantum Efficiency (QE) ye-sensor ibhekisa kumathuba eefotoni ezibetha i-sensor efunyenwe kwi%. I-QE ephezulu ikhokelela kwikhamera ebuthathaka ngakumbi, ekwazi ukusebenza kwiimeko eziphantsi zokukhanya. I-QE ikwaxhomekeke kubude bobude, kunye ne-QE echazwe njengenani elinye elibhekisa kwixabiso lencopho.
Xa iifotoni zibetha i-pixel yekhamera, uninzi luya kufikelela kwindawo ebuthathaka kukukhanya, kwaye lubhaqwe ngokukhupha i-electron kwi-silicon sensor. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iifotoni ziya kutsalwa, zibonakaliswe, okanye zisasazwe yimathiriyeli yenzwa yekhamera ngaphambi kokuba ibonwe. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kweefotoni kunye nezixhobo zesensol yekhamera kuxhomekeke kwi-photon wavelength, ngoko ke ukuba nokwenzeka kokufunyanwa kuxhomekeke kwi-wavelength. Oku kuxhomekeka kubonisiwe kwikhamera yeQuantum Efficiency Curve.
Umzekelo we-Quantum Efficiency curve. Ubomvu: I-CMOS ekhanyiswe ngasemva. Bulu: I-CMOS ekhanyisiweyo ekwicala langaphambili
Iinzwa zekhamera ezahlukeneyo zinokuba nee-QE ezahlukileyo kakhulu kuxhomekeke kuyilo kunye nemathiriyeli. Impembelelo enkulu kwi-QE kukuba ingaba i-sensor yekhamera isemva- okanye i-front-side ekhanyisiwe. Kwiikhamera ezikhanyisiweyo ezingaphambili, iifotoni eziphuma kwisifundo kufuneka ziqale zidlule kwigridi yocingo phambi kokuba zibhaqwe. Ekuqaleni, ezi khamera bezilinganiselwe kubuchule be-quantum malunga ne-30-40%. Ukwaziswa kwee-microlenses ukugxila ekukhanyeni kudlule iingcingo kwi-silicon ebuthathaka ekukhanyeni kunyuse oku malunga ne-70%. Iikhamera zala maxesha ezikhanyiswe ngaphambili zinokufikelela incopho yee-QE ezimalunga nama-84%. Iikhamera ezikhanyiselwe ngasemva ziyalubuyisela umva olu yilo lwenzwa, ngeefotoni ezibetha ngokuthe ngqo umaleko ocuthekileyo wokubona ukukhanya kwesilicon, ngaphandle kokudlula kwiingcingo. Ezi zivamvo zekhamera zibonelela ngobuchule obuphezulu be-quantum malunga ne-95% yencopho, ngexabiso lenkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso enzulu nebiza kakhulu.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweQuantum akusayi kuhlala kuluphawu olubalulekileyo kwisicelo sakho sokucinga. Kwizicelo ezinamazinga aphezulu okukhanya, ukunyuka kwe-QE kunye novakalelo kunika inzuzo encinci. Nangona kunjalo, kwimifanekiso yokukhanya ephantsi, i-QE ephezulu inokuvelisa umlinganiselo ophuculweyo we-signal-to-noise-ratio kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso, okanye ukunciphisa amaxesha okuvezwa kwimifanekiso ekhawulezayo. Kodwa izibonelelo zokusebenza okuphezulu komyinge kufuneka zilinganiswe ngokuchasene nokunyuka kwe-30-40% kwixabiso leenzwa ezikhanyiselwe ngasemva.
