25/08/07Iikhamera zokuskena umgca zizixhobo zokucinga ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukuthabatha imifanekiso enesisombululo esiphezulu sezinto ezihambayo okanye eziqhubekayo. Ngokungafaniyo neekhamera zengingqi zendabuko ezithatha umfanekiso we-2D kwi-exposure eyodwa, iikhamera zokuskena umgca zakha imifanekiso yomgca ngomgca-efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifana nokuhlolwa kwewebhu, uhlalutyo lwe-semiconductor, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kokupakisha.
Ezi khamera zidla ngokuba nomqolo omnye weepikseli (okanye ngamanye amaxesha imiqolo emininzi), kwaye xa zidityaniswe nesihloko esishukumayo okanye inkqubo yokuskena, zinokuvelisa imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu we-2D yezinto phantse naziphi na ubude. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesivamvo, iikhamera zokuskena umgca zihlala zisebenzisa i-CCD okanye iteknoloji yesivamvo seCMOS-efana noko kufumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi.Iikhamera zeCMOS-kunye neCMOS ibe lolona khetho luthandwayo ngenxa yesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Yintoni ikhamera yokuskena umgca?
Iikhamera zokuskena ngomgca ziqhele ukwenziwa kushishino endaweni yosetyenziso lwenzululwazi, kwaye zinokuba nemida ekukhanyeni okuphantsi okanye kwizicelo ezichaneke kakhulu. Ingxolo ephezulu yokufunda, iipikseli ezincinci kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi komyinge ngokubanzi kunokuthetha ukuba ezi khamera zifuna amanqanaba aphezulu okukhanya ukuhambisa i-SNR esebenzayo.
Iikhamera zokuskena umgca zingasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:
I-1-Dimensional Capture
Ulwazi olunecala elinye lunokubanjwa, njengakwizicelo ze-spectroscopy. Iziphumo zidla ngokumelwa ngokohlobo lwegrafu kwisoftware yekhamera, ngokuqina kwi-y-axis ngokuchasene nepixel yekhamera kwi-x-axis.
2-Dimensional Capture
Ikhamera inokuthi 'iskenwe' kumxholo womfanekiso, ngokuhambisa ikhamera okanye umxholo womfanekiso, kunye nomfanekiso we-2-dimensional ungabunjwa ngokubamba izilayi ze-1-dimensional ezilandelelanayo.
Olu hlobo lomfanekiso luvumela ukuthatyathwa kwemifanekiso emikhulu ngokungenasizathu kumlinganiselo wokuskena. Ukukwazi ukubamba izifundo zihamba ngaphandle kwe-blur yentshukumo (okanye i-artefacts rolling shutter artefacts) kuthetha ukuba iikhamera zokuskena umgca zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso, kwiindibano zendibano, ukuhlolwa kwezifundo zemifanekiso emikhulu, nokunye.
Isebenza Njani Ikhamera Yeskena Somgca?
Ikhamera yokuskena umgca isebenza ngokuhambelana nento ehambayo okanye isixhobo sokuskena. Njengoko into idlula ngaphantsi kwekhamera, umgca ngamnye womfanekiso uthathwa ngokulandelelana ngexesha. Le migca idityaniswa ngexesha lokwenyani okanye ngesoftware ukuvelisa umfanekiso opheleleyo we-2D.
Amacandelo aphambili abandakanya:
● Inzwa ye-1-Dimensional: Ngokwesiqhelo umqolo omnye we pixels.
● Ulawulo lwentshukumo: Isihambisi okanye isixhobo esijikelezayo siqinisekisa intshukumo.
● Ukukhanyisa: Ukukhanya rhoqo kumgca okanye icoaxial ukwenzela ukhanyiso olungaguqukiyo.
Ngenxa yokuba umfanekiso wakhiwe umgca ngomgca, ungqamaniso lubalulekile. Ukuba into ihamba ngokungahambelaniyo okanye ixesha licinyiwe, ukuguqulwa komfanekiso kunokwenzeka.
Iskena somgca vs. Iikhamera zokuskena indawo
| Uphawu | Ikhamera yokuskena ngomgca | Indawo yokuskena ikhamera |
| Umfanekiso Wokuthatha | Umgca omnye ngexesha | Isakhelo esipheleleyo se-2D kanye |
| Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo | Izinto ezihambayo okanye eziqhubekayo | Imiboniso emileyo okanye ekhawulezayo |
| Ubungakanani bomfanekiso | Ubude obungasikelwanga mda | Ilinganiselwe ngobungakanani boluvo |
| Ukudityaniswa | Ifuna intshukumo kunye nolawulo lwexesha | Ukuseta okulula |
| Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo | Ukuhlolwa kweWebhu, ukuprinta, impahla | Ukuskena ibhakhowudi, iirobhothi, umfanekiso jikelele |
Ngamafutshane, iikhamera zokuskena umgca zigqwesa xa usenza umfanekiso wezinto ezihamba ngokukhawuleza okanye ezinkulu kakhulu. Iikhamera zokuskena kwendawo zifaneleke ngcono kwizicelo ezineethagethi ezimileyo okanye ezincinci.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeekhamera zokuskena umgca
Xa ukhetha ikhamera yokuskena umgca, qwalasela le migaqo ilandelayo:
● Isigqibo: Inani leepixels ngomgca ngamnye, ezinefuthe kwinqanaba leenkcukacha.
● Ireyithi yomgca (Hz): Inani lemigca ebanjiweyo ngesekhondi—ibalulekile kuhlolo olukhawulezayo.
● Uhlobo loluvo: I-CMOS (ekhawulezayo, amandla aphantsi) vs. CCD (umgangatho womfanekiso ophezulu kwezinye iimeko).
● Ujongano: Iinketho zokudlulisa idatha njengeGigE, iCamera Link, okanye iCoaXPress.
● Uluhlu oluDynamic kunye novakalelo: Kubalulekile ekuhloleni izinto ezinokukhanya okuguquguqukayo okanye ukubonakalisa.
● Umbala vs. Monochrome: Iikhamera zemibala zisebenzisa imigca emininzi enezihluzi zeRGB; I-monochrome inokunika uvakalelo oluphezulu.
IiPros and Cons of Line Scan Cameras
IiPros
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Inokuthi ibambe ulwazi lwe-1-dimensional ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu (esiqhelekileyo silinganiswe kwi-100s yezinga lomgca we-kHz). Iyakwazi ukufota imifanekiso ene-2-dimensional yobungakanani obunganyanzelekanga ngesantya esiphezulu xa uskena kumxholo womfanekiso.
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Unokubamba ulwazi lombala ngaphandle kokuncama isisombululo ngokusetyenziswa kwemigca ehluziweyo ebomvu, eluhlaza kunye nebhlowu, okanye iikhamera zesiko zinokubonelela ngohluzo oluthile lwamaza obude.
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Ukhanyiso kufuneka lube ne-1-dimensional kuphela kwaye, ngokuxhomekeke kulungiselelo lomfanekiso, alunakufuna ibala elisicaba okanye ezinye izilungiso kwidimension yesibini (eskeniweyo).
Ububi
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Funa ihardware yeengcali kunye noseto lwesoftware ukufumana idatha ene-2-dimensional.
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Ngokuqhelekileyo ayifanelekanga kakuhle kwimifanekiso yokukhanya okuphantsi ngenxa ye-QE ephantsi, ingxolo ephezulu kunye neesayizi ezincinci ze-pixel, ngakumbi zidityaniswe namaxesha amafutshane okuvezwa aqhelekileyo okuskena ngesantya esiphezulu.
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Ayiqhelekanga ukujongwa kwimifanekiso yenzululwazi, ngoko ke umgca kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso usenokuba mbi.
Usetyenziso oluQhelekileyo lweeKhamera zeScan kwiNzululwazi
Iikhamera zokuskena ngomgca zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nezicelo zokucinga eziphambili ezifuna isisombululo esiphezulu, ukuchaneka, kunye nokufumana idatha eqhubekayo. Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:
● IMifanekiso yeMikroskopu: Ukubamba i-high-resolution line scans ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu okanye uhlalutyo lweselula.
● I-Spectroscopy: Ukurekhoda idatha ye-spectral kuzo zonke iisampuli ezinesisombululo esichanekileyo sesithuba.
● Inzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi: Ukwenza umfanekiso wezinto zasezulwini okanye ukulandelela iithagethi ezihamba ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci.
● Inzululwazi yeZizinto: Ukuhlolwa komphezulu kunye nokufunyanwa kwesiphene kwisinyithi, iipolymers, okanye i-composites.
● I-Biomedical Imaging: Ukuskena izihlunu zebhayoloji ngeenjongo zokuxilonga okanye zophando, kubandakanywa i-histology kunye ne-pathology.
Ezi zicelo zixhamla kwisakhono sekhamera yokuskena ukuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezininzi, engagqwethekiyo kwiindawo ezandisiweyo okanye kwiiseti zovavanyo oluguqukayo.
Unyino lweeCamera zokuskena ngemigca
I-Schematic Diagram: I-Tucsen High-Sensitivity Line Scan / TDI yeNzululwazi yeCamera
Khohlo: Ikhamera yeScan yeNdawo engapholiswanga
Phakathi: Ikhamera yeNzululwazi ye-TDI
Kunene: Ikhamera yendawo epholileyo yokuskena
Ngelixa iikhamera zokuskena umgca zibonelela ngesisombululo esigqwesileyo kwaye zifaneleke kakuhle kwimifanekiso eqhubekayo, zinemida, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphambili zesayensi apho ubuntununtunu kunye nokuzinza komqondiso kubaluleke kakhulu.
Omnye umda omkhulu kukusebenza kwabo kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Iikhamera zokujonga umgca wesintu zixhomekeke ekuvezweni kwendlela enye, enokuthi ingaboneleli ngomlinganiselo owaneleyo we-signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) xa kusenziwa umfanekiso wesampulu ezinokukhanya buthathaka okanye ezingevani nokukhanya, ezifana ne-fluorescence microscopy okanye ezinye iimvavanyo zebhayomedical. Ukongeza, ukufezekisa ungqamaniso oluchanekileyo phakathi kokushukuma kwento kunye nokufumana umfanekiso kunokuba yimfuneko ngokobuchwepheshe, ngakumbi ukusetha okubandakanya isantya esiguqukayo okanye ukungcangcazela.
Esinye isithintelo kubuchule babo obulinganiselweyo bokuthatha imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu yemizekelo ehamba kade okanye engakhanyisi ngokulinganayo, enokuthi ibangele ukuvezwa okungahambelaniyo okanye ii-artifacts ezihambayo.
Ukoyisa le mingeni, iikhamera ze-TDI (Time Delay Integration) ziye zavela njengenye indlela enamandla. Ngokuqokelela umqondiso kuzo zonke iindawo zokuvezwa okuninzi njengoko into ihamba, iikhamera ze-TDI zongeza kakhulu ubuntununtunu kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso, zizenza zixabiseke ngakumbi kwiinkalo zesayensi ezifuna umfanekiso ophantsi wokukhanya, uluhlu oluguquguqukayo oluphezulu, okanye isisombululo sexeshana esichanekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Iikhamera zokuskena umgca zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kumashishini afuna isantya esiphezulu, umfanekiso ophezulu wesombululo semiphezulu ehambayo okanye eqhubekayo. Indlela yabo ekhethekileyo yokuskena ibonelela ngeengenelo ezahlukeneyo ngaphezulu kweekhamera zokuskena kwindawo ekwimeko elungileyo, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezinje ngokuhlolwa kwewebhu, ukucinga ngesemiconductor, kunye nokupakishwa okuzenzekelayo.
Ngelixa iikhamera zokuskena umgca zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kumashishini, abasebenzisi abafuna ubuntununtunu obuphezulu okanye ukukhanya okuphantsi banokuzuza ngokuphonononga.iikhamera zenzululwaziyenzelwe ukuchaneka kwezicelo zomfanekiso.
Ukuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani iikhamera zescan kunye nento omawuyijonge xa ukhetha enye kuya kukunceda uyile iinkqubo zokuhlola ezikrelekrele nezithembekileyo.
Ii-FAQs
Ingaba ikhamera yeskeni yomgca iyithatha njani imifanekiso yombala?
Iikhamera zokujonga umgca wombala zikholisa ukusebenzisa abenzi boluvo abathathu, abaqulathe imigca emithathu enxuseneyo yeepikseli, nganye inezihluzo ezibomvu, eziluhlaza, okanye ezibhlowu. Njengoko into ihamba ngaphaya kwenzwa, umgca wombala ngamnye ubamba umjelo wawo ngokulandelelana. Ezi ke zidityaniswe zenze umfanekiso ogcwele umbala. Ungqamaniso oluchanekileyo luyimfuneko ukuphepha ukungahambi kakuhle kombala, ngakumbi ngesantya esiphezulu.
Ungayikhetha njani iKhamera yokuSkena ngomgca oLungileyo
Ukukhetha ikhamera elungileyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesicelo sakho. Nantsi imiba ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe:
● IiMfuno zesantya: Misela iimfuno zakho zomyinge womgca ngokusekelwe kwisantya sento.
● Iimfuno Zesicombululo: Tshatisa isisombululo kunyamezelo lwakho lokuhlola.
● Izibane kunye neNdalo: Qwalasela izibane ezikhethekileyo kwindawo ekhanyayo okanye emnyama.
● Uhlobo loluvo: I-CMOS iye yaba yinto eqhelekileyo ngesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ngelixa iiCCDs zihlala zisetyenziselwa ilifa kunye neenkqubo ezichanekileyo.
● Uqhagamshelwano: Qinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yakho ixhasa ujongano lwekhamera (umzekelo, iCoaXPress yamaxabiso aphezulu edatha).
● Uqingqo-mali: Ukusebenza kokulinganisela kunye neendleko zenkqubo, kubandakanywa ukukhanya, i-optics, kunye ne-frame grabbers.
Ukuba uyathandabuza, dibana nengcali yombono womatshini okanye umthengisi ukuze uqinisekise ukuhambelana noyilo lwenkqubo yakho kunye neenjongo zesicelo.
Mingaphi imigca yekhamera yokuskena umgca wemonochrome?
Ikhamera yokuskena umgca wemonochrome iqhele ukuba nomgca omnye weepikseli, kodwa ezinye iimodeli zinemigca emibini okanye ngaphezulu enxuseneyo. Ezi zinzwa zemigca emininzi zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso ngokulinganisa ukubonakaliswa okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuphucula ubuntununtunu, okanye ukubamba ii-angles zokukhanyisa ezahlukeneyo.
Ngelixa iikhamera zomgca omnye zanele uhlolo oluninzi lwesantya esiphezulu, iinguqulelo ezimbini kunye ne-quad-line zibonelela ngokusebenza ngcono kwiindawo ezifunayo, ngakumbi apho ingxolo ephantsi okanye uluhlu oluguquguqukayo oluphezulu lufuneka.
Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga netekhnoloji yokuskena umgca kwizicelo zokucinga ezinomda wokukhanya, bhekisa kwinqaku lethu:
Ukukhawulezisa ukukhanya-umda wokufumana nge Line Scan TDI Imaging
Kutheni iTekhnoloji ye-TDI ifumana umhlaba kwiMifanekiso yoShishino
Tucsen Photonics Co., Ltd. Onke amalungelo agciniwe. Xa ucaphula, nceda wazise umthombo:www.tucsen.com
