25/08/15Kwimifanekiso yenzululwazi, ukuchaneka kuyo yonke into. Nokuba ubamba iisiginali zefluorescence zokukhanya okuphantsi okanye ulandelela umkhondo wezinto ezisesibhakabhakeni, amandla ekhamera yakho okubona ukukhanya achaphazela ngqo umgangatho weziphumo zakho. Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa zihlala zingaqondwa kakuhle, izinto kule nxaki kukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum (QE).
Esi sikhokelo siya kukuhamba ukuba yintoni i-QE, kutheni ibalulekile, utolika njani iinkcukacha ze-QE, kunye nendlela ethelekisa ngayo kwiintlobo zoluvo. Ukuba ukwimarike aikhamera yenzululwaziokanye uzama ukwenza intsingiselo yeedatadata zekhamera, le yeyakho.
Umzobo: iTucsen eqhelekileyo yekhamera yeQE imizekelo yegophe
(a)Aries 6510(b)Dhyana 6060BSI(c)ILibra 22
Yintoni iQuantum ngokuSebenzayo?
Ukusebenza kwe-Quantum kukubakho kwefoton efikelela kwinzwa yekhamera ukuba ibhaqwe, kwaye ikhupha i-photoelectron kwi-silicon.
Kumanqanaba amaninzi kuhambo lwefoton ukuya kweli nqanaba, kukho imiqobo enokuthi ifunxe iifotoni okanye ibonise kude. Ukongeza, akukho mathiriyeli i-100% ecacileyo kuyo yonke i-photon wavelength, kunye naluphi na utshintsho ekubunjweni kwezinto eziphathekayo zinethuba lokubonisa okanye ukusasaza iifotoni.
Ichazwa njengepesenti, ukusebenza kakuhle komyinge kuchazwa ngolu hlobo:
QE (%) = (Inani leelektroni ezenziweyo / Inani leefotoni zesiganeko) × 100
Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
●I-QE yangaphandle: Ukusebenza okungqiniweyo kuquka iziphumo ezifana nokuboniswa kunye nelahleko yothumelo.
●I-QE yangaphakathi: Ilinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle koguqulo ngaphakathi kwinzwa ngokwayo, kucingelwa ukuba zonke iifotoni ziyafunxwa.
I-QE ephezulu ithetha uvakalelo olungcono lokukhanya kunye nemiqondiso yemifanekiso eyomeleleyo, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinokukhanya okuphantsi okanye kwi-photon-limited scenarios.
Kutheni i-Quantum esebenzayo ibalulekile kwiiCamera zeSayensi?
Kumfanekiso, kuhlala kuluncedo ukubamba eyona pesenti iphezulu yeefotoni ezingenayo esinokuzifumana, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna ubuntununtunu obuphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, izinzwa eziphezulu ze-quantum zidla ngokubiza kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yomngeni wobunjineli wokwandisa into yokuzalisa ngelixa ugcina umsebenzi we-pixel, kwaye nangenxa yenkqubo yokukhanyisa ngasemva. Le nkqubo, njengoko uya kufunda, yenza eyona quantum isebenzayo-kodwa iza nokwanda kobunzima bokuvelisa.
Njengazo zonke iinkcukacha zekhamera, imfuno yokusebenza kwequantum kufuneka ihlale ilinganiswa nezinye izinto zesicelo sakho sokucinga. Umzekelo, ukwazisa i-shutter yehlabathi kunokuzisa inzuzo kwizicelo ezininzi, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakuphunyezwa kwi-BI sensor. Ngapha koko, ifuna ukongezwa kwe-transistor eyongezelelweyo kwi-pixel. Oku kunokunciphisa into yokuzalisa kwaye ngenxa yoko ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinzwa ze-FI.
Umzekelo wezicelo apho i-QE inokubaluleka khona
Imizekelo embalwa yezicelo:
● Isibane esisezantsi kunye nemifanekiso ye-fluorescence yeesampulu zebhayoloji ezingamiselwanga
● Imifanekiso ekhawulezayo
● Ubungakanani bezicelo ezifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwemilinganiselo yobunzulu
QE ngoHlobo lweSensor
Iitekhnoloji ezahlukeneyo zesensom yemifanekiso zibonisa ukuphumelela komyinge owahlukileyo. Nantsi indlela i-QE ethelekisa ngayo kwiindidi zoluvo olukhulu:
I-CCD (Isixhobo esiDityanisiweyo)
Ngokwemveli umfanekiso wenzululwazi othandwayo ngengxolo yabo ephantsi kunye ne-QE ephezulu, ehlala iphezulu phakathi kwe-70-90%. I-CCDs zigqwesa kwizicelo ezifana ne-astronomy kunye nemifanekiso ebonisa ixesha elide.
I-CMOS (I-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor eyongezelelweyo)
Nje ukuba inqunyulwe yi-QE esezantsi kunye nengxolo ephezulu yokufunda, izinzwa ze-CMOS zanamhlanje-ingakumbi ziyilo ezikhanyiselwe ngasemva-zibambe kakhulu. Uninzi ngoku lufikelela kwincopho yamaxabiso e-QE ngaphezulu kwe-80%, inika ukusebenza okugqwesileyo okunesantya esikhawulezayo sesakhelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi.
Jonga uluhlu lwethu oluphambiliIkhamera yeCMOSiimodeli zokubona ukuba le teknoloji ifike kangakanani na, njengayeIkhamera yeTucsen Libra 3405M sCMOS, ikhamera yenzululwazi enovakalelo oluphezulu eyenzelwe ukufuna izicelo ezinokukhanya okuphantsi.
I-sCMOS (iCMOS yeNzululwazi)
Iklasi ekhethekileyo yeCMOS eyenzelwe umfanekiso wesayensi,Ikhamera ye-sCMOSiteknoloji idibanisa i-QE ephezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-70-95%) kunye nengxolo ephantsi, uluhlu oluguquguqukayo oluphezulu, kunye nokufumana ngokukhawuleza. Ilungele i-imaging yeseli ephilayo, i-microscopy enesantya esiphezulu, kunye ne-multi-channel fluorescence.
Uyifunda njani iQuantum ngokuSebenza ngegophe
Abavelisi badla ngokupapasha igophe le-QE elicwangcisa ukusebenza kakuhle (%) ngapha kobude bamaza (nm). La magophe abalulekile ekumiseleni indlela ikhamera esebenza ngayo kuluhlu oluthile lwe-spectral.
Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka zijongwe:
●Incopho QE: Ukusebenza okuphezulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-500-600 nm uluhlu (ukukhanya okuluhlaza).
●Uluhlu lweWavelength: Ifestile yembonakalo esebenzisekayo apho i-QE ihlala ingaphezulu komda oluncedo (umzekelo, > 20%).
●Iindawo zokulahla: I-QE idla ngokuwa kwi-UV (<400 nm) kunye ne-NIR (> 800 nm) kwimimandla.
Ukutolika eli jiko kuyakunceda ufanise amandla esixhobo soluvo kunye nesicelo sakho, nokuba uyacinga kwi-spectrum ebonakalayo, kufutshane ne-infrared, okanye i-UV.
Ukuxhomekeka kwi-Wavelength ye-Quantum eFanelekileyo
Umzobo: Ijiko le-QE elibonisa amaxabiso aqhelekileyo angaphambili nasemva-akhanyiswe ngesilicon-based sensors
PHAWULA: Igrafu ibonisa ukuba nokwenzeka kokubhaqwa kwefotoni (ukufaneleka kwequantum,%) xa ithelekiswa ne-photon wavelength kwimizekelo emine yeekhamera. Ukwahluka kweenzwa ezahlukeneyo kunye neengubo zinokutshintsha la magophe ngokumangalisayo
Ukusebenza kwe-Quantum kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-wavelength, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo. Uninzi lwezinzwa zekhamera esekwe kwi-silicon zibonakalisa ukusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kwe-quantum kwindawo ebonakalayo yembonakalo, iqhelekile kwindawo eluhlaza ukuya kumthubi, ukusuka malunga ne-490nm ukuya kwi-600nm. Iijika ze-QE zinokuguqulwa ngokusebenzisa i-sensor coatings kunye nokwahluka kwezinto eziphathekayo ukunika incopho ye-QE malunga ne-300nm kwi-ultra-violet (UV), malunga ne-850nm kufuphi ne-infra ebomvu (NIR), kunye neenketho ezininzi phakathi.
Zonke iikhamera ezisekwe kwi-silicon zibonisa ukwehla kokusebenza kwe-quantum ukuya kwi-1100nm, apho iifotoni zingasenawo amandla aneleyo okukhupha ii-photoelectrons. Ukusebenza kwe-UV kunokuthintelwa kakhulu kwi-sensors ezine-microlenses okanye i-UV-blocking yeglasi yefestile, ethintela ukukhanya kobude obufutshane ukuba bufike kwi-sensor.
Phakathi, iigophe ze-QE azifane zigudiswe kwaye zide, kwaye endaweni yoko zihlala zibandakanya iincopho ezincinci kunye nemikhumbi ebangelwa ziimpawu zemathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo kunye nokungafihli kwemathiriyeli eyenziwe ngepixel.
Kwizicelo ezifuna ubuntununtunu be-UV okanye i-NIR, ukuthathela ingqalelo ukusebenza kwe-quantum curves kunokubaluleka ngakumbi, njengoko kwezinye iikhamera ukusebenza kwe-quantum kunokuba kukhulu ngokuphindwe kaninzi kunezinye eziphelweni ezigqithisileyo zejika.
Uvakalelo lweX-reyi
Ezinye izivamvo zekhamera ye-silicon zinokusebenza kwindawo yokukhanya ebonakalayo kwi-spectrum, ngelixa zikwakwazi ukubona amaza amaza e-X-reyi. Nangona kunjalo, iikhamera zihlala zifuna ubunjineli obukhethekileyo ukuze zimelane neempembelelo ze-X-reyi kwi-elektroniki yekhamera, kunye namagumbi okucoca asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuvavanyo lwe-X-reyi.
Iikhamera ze-infrared
Okokugqibela, abenzi boluvo abasekwe kwisilicon kodwa kwezinye izinto banokubonisa iijika ze-QE ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, iikhamera ze-infrared ze-InGaAs, esekwe kwi-Indium Gallium Arsenide endaweni yesilicon, inokubona uluhlu olubanzi lwamaza kwi-NIR, ukuya kuthi ga kubuninzi obujikeleze i-2700nm, kuxhomekeke kukwahluka kwenzwa.
I-Quantum eFanelekileyo vs. Ezinye iiNkcazo zeKhamera
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweQuantum yeyona metric yokusebenza engundoqo, kodwa ayisebenzi yodwa. Nantsi indlela enxulumana ngayo nezinye iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zekhamera:
QE vs. Uvakalelo
Uvakalelo kukukwazi kwekhamera ukubona iimpawu ezibuthathaka. I-QE inegalelo ngokuthe ngqo kubuntununtunu, kodwa ezinye izinto ezifana nobungakanani bepixel, ingxolo yokufunda, kunye nobumnyama bangoku nazo zidlala indima.
I-QE vs. Umlinganiselo wokuya kwiNgxolo (SNR)
I-QE ephezulu iphucula i-SNR ngokuvelisa isignali engaphezulu (ii-electron) ngefotoni nganye. Kodwa ingxolo egqithisileyo, ngenxa ye-electronics engekho mgangathweni okanye ukupholisa okungafanelekanga, isenokuwuthoba umfanekiso.
QE vs. Dynamic Range
Ngelixa i-QE ichaphazela ukuba kungakanani ukukhanya okufunyenweyo, uluhlu oluguquguqukayo luchaza umlinganiselo phakathi kwemiqondiso eqaqambileyo kunye nemnyama kakhulu ikhamera inokusingatha. Ikhamera ye-QE ephezulu enoluhlu oluguquguqukayo olulambathayo isenokuvelisa iziphumo ezisezantsi kwimiboniso ephezulu yokuchasana.
Ngamafutshane, ukusebenza kwe-quantum kubalulekile, kodwa hlala uvavanya kunye ne-specs ehambelanayo.
Yintoni "elungileyo" yokuSebenza kweQuantum?
Ayikho i-QE "engcono" jikelele-kuxhomekeke kwisicelo sakho. Oko kuthethiweyo, nantsi imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo:
| Uluhlu lwe-QE | Inqanaba lokuSebenza | Sebenzisa Amatyala |
| <40% | Phantsi | Ayilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezenzululwazi |
| 40–60% | I-avareji | Ukungena-kwinqanaba lezicelo zenzululwazi |
| 60–80% | Kulungile | Ifanele imisebenzi emininzi yokucinga |
| 80–95% | Egqwesileyo | Ukukhanya okuphantsi, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, okanye i-photon-limited imaging |
Kwakhona, qwalasela incopho ye-QE vs umndilili we-QE kulo lonke uluhlu lwembonakalo oyifunayo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukusebenza kwe-Quantum yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo, kodwa zingahoywa, ekukhetheni isixhobo somfanekiso wenzululwazi. Nokuba uvavanya iiCCDs, iikhamera ze-sCMOS, okanye iikhamera zeCMOS, ukuqonda i-QE kuyakunceda:
● Qikelela ukuba ikhamera yakho iza kusebenza njani phantsi kweemeko zokukhanya kwehlabathi lokwenene
● Thelekisa iimveliso ngaphandle kwamabango okuthengisa
● Tshatisa iinkcukacha zekhamera kunye neemfuno zakho zenzululwazi
Njengoko iteknoloji yesivamvo ihambela phambili, iikhamera zenzululwazi ze-QE zanamhlanje zibonelela ngobuntununtunu obumangalisayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-hardware iqhubela phambili kangakanani, ukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo kuqala ngokuqonda ukuba ukusebenza kwe-quantum kungena njani kumfanekiso omkhulu.
Ii-FAQs
Ngaba ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-quantum kuhlala kubhetele kwikhamera yesayensi?
Ukusebenza komgangatho ophezulu we-quantum (QE) ngokubanzi kuphucula ukukwazi kwekhamera ukubona amanqanaba aphantsi okukhanya, okuxabisekileyo kwizicelo ezifana ne-fluorescence microscopy, i-astronomy, kunye ne-imaging ye-molecule enye. Nangona kunjalo, i-QE yinxalenye nje yeprofayili yokusebenza elinganayo. Ikhamera ye-QE ephezulu enoluhlu oluguquguqukayo olulambathayo, ingxolo yokufunda ephezulu, okanye ukupholisa okungonelanga kusenokubangela iziphumo ezisezantsi. Ngowona msebenzi ubalaseleyo, hlala uvavanya i-QE ngokudityaniswa nezinye izinto eziphambili njengengxolo, ubunzulu bentwana, kunye nolwakhiwo lwesivamvo.
Ilinganiswa njani impumelelo yobungakanani?
Ukusebenza kwe-Quantum kulinganiswa ngokukhanyisa inzwa kunye nenani elaziwayo leefoton kwi-wavelength ethile kunye nokubala inani lee-electron eziveliswa yinzwa. Oku kuqhele ukwenziwa kusetyenziswa umthombo wokukhanya we-monochromatic kunye nereferensi yefotodiode. Ixabiso le-QE elinesiphumo licwangciswe kubude bamaza ukwenza ijika le-QE. Oku kunceda ukumisela impendulo yembonakalo yesivamvo, ibaluleke kakhulu ukuthelekisa ikhamera kumthombo wokukhanya wesicelo sakho okanye uluhlu lokukhupha.
Ngaba isoftware okanye izihluzi zangaphandle zinokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum?
No. I-Quantum Efficiency yipropathi engaphakathi, ye-hardware-level ye-sensor yomfanekiso kwaye ayinakuguqulwa ngesofthiwe okanye izixhobo zangaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, izihluzi zinokuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso ngokubanzi ngokwandisa umlinganiselo wesignali ukuya kwingxolo (umzekelo, ukusebenzisa izihluzi ezikhutshwayo kwizicelo ze-fluorescence), kunye nesoftware inokunceda ekunciphiseni ingxolo okanye emva kokulungiswa. Sekunjalo, ezi azilitshintshi ixabiso le-QE ngokwalo.
Tucsen Photonics Co., Ltd. Onke amalungelo agciniwe. Xa ucaphula, nceda wazise umthombo:www.tucsen.com
