CMOS Electronic Shutters: Ntiaj teb no vs. Dov thiab yuav xaiv li cas |

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov duab digital, ob peb yam txuj ci tseem ceeb cuam tshuam cov duab zoo ntau npaum li hom hluav taws xob kaw hauv koj lub sensor. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tua cov txheej txheem kev lag luam siab ceev, ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, lossis ntes cov xwm txheej astronomical faint, lub tshuab kaw hauv koj lub koob yees duab CMOS plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov koj cov duab kawg tig tawm.

Ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm CMOS hluav taws xob shutters, thoob ntiaj teb shutters thiab dov shutters, siv ntau txoj hauv kev los nthuav tawm thiab nyeem tawm lub teeb los ntawm lub sensor. Nkag siab txog lawv qhov sib txawv, qhov muaj zog, thiab kev lag luam tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias koj xav kom phim koj cov duab rau koj daim ntawv thov.

Kab lus no yuav piav qhia seb CMOS hluav taws xob shutters yog dab tsi, lub ntiaj teb thiab dov shutters ua haujlwm li cas, lawv ua li cas hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag, thiab yuav txiav txim siab seb qhov twg yog qhov zoo tshaj rau koj.

CMOS Electronic Shutters yog dab tsi?

Lub CMOS sensor yog lub plawv ntawm cov koob yees duab niaj hnub no. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau hloov lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv daim duab. "Shutter" nyob rau hauv aCMOS koob yees duabTsis tas yuav yog cov ntaub thaiv kab hlau rhuav - ntau qhov kev tsim niaj hnub no cia siab rau lub kaw lus hluav taws xob uas tswj xyuas yuav ua li cas thiab thaum twg pixels ntes lub teeb.

Tsis zoo li lub tshuab kaw lus uas lub cev thaiv lub teeb, lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm los ntawm kev pib thiab nres qhov ntws ntawm cov nqi hauv txhua pixel. Hauv CMOS duab, muaj ob lub hauv paus hluav taws xob kaw hluav taws xob: lub ntiaj teb kaw thiab dov kaw.

Vim li cas kev txawv txav tseem ceeb? Vim tias txoj kev nthuav tawm thiab kev nyeem ntawv ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau:

● Motion rendering thiab distortion
● Duab sharpness
● Tsawg-teeb pom kev zoo
● Ncej tus nqi thiab latency
● Zuag qhia tag nrho haum rau ntau hom kev yees duab, yees duab, thiab cov duab tshawb fawb

Nkag siab txog lub ntiaj teb Shutter

Tau qhov twg los: GMAX3405 Ntiaj teb no Shutter Sensor

Lub Ntiaj Teb Shutter ua haujlwm li cas

CMOS Ntiaj teb shutter koob yees duab pib thiab xaus lawv raug ib txhij nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sensor. Qhov no ua tiav siv 5 lossis ntau dua transistors ib pixel, thiab 'storagenode' uas tuav cov nqi photoelectron tau txais thaum nyeem ntawv. Qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog raws li nram no:

1. Pib kis ib txhij hauv txhua pixel los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov nqi uas tau txais mus rau hauv av.

2. Tos rau lub sij hawm raug xaiv.

3. Thaum kawg ntawm qhov raug, txav cov nqi tau txais mus rau qhov chaw cia khoom hauv txhua pixel, xaus qhov raug ntawm tus ncej.

4. Kab los ntawm kab, txav cov electrons mus rau hauv pixel lub readout capacitor, thiab relay lub voltage accumulated mus rau lub readout architecture, culminating nyob rau hauv lub analogue-to-digital converters (ADCs). Qhov tshwm sim tom ntej no feem ntau tuaj yeem ua ib txhij nrog cov kauj ruam no.

Qhov zoo ntawm Global Shutter

● Tsis muaj Motion Distortion – Cov ntsiab lus txav tau khaws lawv cov duab thiab cov duab geometry yam tsis muaj qhov skew lossis wobble uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog kev nyeem ua ntu zus.
● High-Speed Capture - Zoo tagnrho rau kev ua kom khov rau hauv cov xwm txheej ceev ceev, xws li hauv kev ua kis las, neeg hlau, lossis kev tsim khoom tswj tau zoo.
● Tsawg Latency - Tag nrho cov duab cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau ib zaug, ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov xwm txheej sab nraud, xws li laser pulses lossis strobe teeb.

Kev txwv ntawm Global Shutter

● Lub Teeb Tsawg Tsawg - Qee lub ntiaj teb shutter pixel tsim kev txi lub teeb sib sau ua haujlwm kom haum rau lub voj voog uas xav tau rau tib lub sijhawm raug.
● Cov nqi siab dua & kev sib tw - Kev tsim khoom yog qhov nyuaj dua, feem ntau ua rau cov nqi siab dua piv rau cov dov shutter counterparts.
● Muaj peev xwm ua kom nrov nrov - Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv rau ib pixel tuaj yeem ua rau muaj suab nrov dua nyeem ntawv me ntsis.

Nkag siab txog Rolling Shutter

Rolling Shutter ua haujlwm li cas

Siv tsuas yog 4 transistors thiab tsis muaj qhov khaws cia, daim ntawv yooj yim ntawm CMOS pixel tsim ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob ntau dua. Rolling shutter pixels pib thiab nres qhov raug ntawm lub sensor ib kab ntawm ib lub sij hawm, 'rolling' down the sensor. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (tseem pom hauv daim duab) yog ua raws li rau txhua qhov raug:

Daim duab: Rolling shutter txheej txheem rau 6x6 pixel lub koob yees duab sensor

Thawj thav duab pib raug (daj) nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub sensor, cheb downwards ntawm tus nqi ntawm ib kab ib kab ib zaug. Thaum kis tau tiav rau kab saum toj kawg nkaus, nyeem tawm (ntsuab) ua raws li qhov pib ntawm qhov kis tom ntej (xiav) cheb lub sensor.

1. Pib kis mus rau kab saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm lub sensor los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov nqi uas tau txais mus rau hauv av.
2. Tom qab 'kab lub sij hawm' tau dhau mus, txav mus rau kab thib ob ntawm lub sensor thiab pib raug, rov ua dua lub sensor.
3. Thaum lub sij hawm raug thov kom tiav rau kab saum toj kawg nkaus, xaus qhov raug xa tawm los ntawm kev xa cov nqi uas tau txais los ntawm kev nyeem ntawv architecture. Lub sijhawm coj los ua qhov no yog 'kab lub sijhawm'.
4. Thaum nyeem ntawv ua tiav rau ib kab, nws npaj txhij pib rov tshwm sim dua los ntawm Kauj Ruam 1, txawm tias qhov ntawd txhais tau tias sib tshooj nrog lwm cov kab uas ua rau pom yav dhau los.

Qhov zoo ntawm Rolling Shutter

●Zoo dua Low-Light Performance- Cov qauv tsim pixel tuaj yeem ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sau lub teeb, txhim kho teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj.
●Siab dua Dynamic Range- Cov qauv nyeem ntawv txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem ua kom pom qhov pom tseeb dua thiab cov duab ntxoov ntxoo tsaus dua.
●Muaj Nqis- Rolling shutter CMOS sensors muaj ntau dua thiab raug nqi tsim khoom.

Kev txwv ntawm Rolling Shutter

●Motion Artifacts- Cov ntsiab lus nrawm nrawm tuaj yeem tshwm skewed lossis khoov, hu ua "dov shutter effect."
●Jello Effect hauv Video- Handheld footage nrog vibration lossis panning ceev tuaj yeem ua rau wobbling hauv daim duab.
●Synchronization nyuaj- Tsawg zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub sijhawm meej nrog cov xwm txheej sab nraud.

Ntiaj teb no vs. Rolling Shutter: Ib sab-los-sab piv

Nov yog qhov kev pom theem siab ntawm yuav ua li cas dov thiab thoob ntiaj teb shutters piv:

Feature	Rolling Shutter	Ntiaj teb no Shutter
Pixel Tsim	4-transistor (4T), tsis muaj qhov khaws cia	5+ transistors, suav nrog cov khoom khaws cia
Lub teeb rhiab heev	Ntau dua qhov ua tau zoo, hloov tau yooj yim rau rov qab-illuminated hom → QE siab dua	Tsawg sau qhov tseem ceeb, BSI ntau dua
Suab nrov Performance	Feem ntau qis nyeem suab nrov	Muaj peev xwm muaj suab nrov me ntsis vim yog ntxiv circuitry
Motion Distortion	Ua tau (skew, wobble, jello effect)	Tsis muaj - tag nrho cov pixels nthuav tawm ib txhij
Ceev Muaj Peev Xwm	Muaj peev xwm sib tshooj nthuav tawm thiab nyeem ntau kab; feem ntau nrawm dua hauv qee qhov qauv tsim	Kev txwv los ntawm kev nyeem ntawv puv npo, txawm tias kev nyeem ntawv sib cais tuaj yeem pab tau
Nqi	Tsawg tus nqi tsim khoom	Tus nqi tsim khoom siab dua
Cov Khoom Siv Zoo Tshaj Plaws	Low-light imaging, cinematography, kev yees duab dav dav	High-speed motion capture, industrial soj ntsuam, precision metrology

Core Performance Sib txawv

Rolling shutter pixels feem ntau siv 4-transistor (4T) tsim yam tsis muaj qhov chaw cia, thaum lub ntiaj teb shutters xav tau 5 lossis ntau dua transistors ib pixel ntxiv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv los khaws cov duab hluav taws xob ua ntej nyeem ntawv.

●Fill Factor & Sensitivity- Qhov yooj yim 4T architecture tso cai rau ntau dua pixel sau qhov tseem ceeb, lub ntsiab lus ntau dua ntawm txhua pixel qhov chaw yog mob siab rau lub teeb sau. Qhov kev tsim no, ua ke nrog qhov tseeb tias dov shutter sensors tuaj yeem hloov kho tau yooj yim dua rau cov qauv rov qab teeb pom kev zoo, feem ntau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua quantum.
●Suab nrov Performance- Tsawg dua transistors thiab tsis tshua muaj circuitry feem ntau txhais tau hais tias dov shutters nthuav tawm suab nrov qis, ua rau lawv zoo dua rau cov ntawv siv qis.
●Ceev Muaj Peev Xwm- Rolling shutters tuaj yeem ua tau sai dua hauv qee cov qauv tsim vim tias lawv tso cai rau kev sib tshooj thiab kev nyeem ntawv, txawm hais tias qhov no yog nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim thiab kev nyeem ntawv hluav taws xob.

Tus nqi & Kev tsim khoom - Qhov yooj yim ntawm dov shutter pixels feem ntau txhais kom txo cov nqi tsim khoom piv rau lub ntiaj teb shutters.

Advanced Considerations thiab Techniques

Pseudo-Global Shutter

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas koj tuaj yeem tswj tau meej thaum lub teeb ncav cuag lub sensor-xws li siv lub teeb ci LED lossis lub teeb laser tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho vajtse-koj tuaj yeem ua tiav "zoo li thoob ntiaj teb" cov txiaj ntsig nrog lub kaw lus dov. Qhov no pseudo-ntiaj teb shutter txoj kev synchronizes lub illumination nrog lub qhov rais raug, txo cov lus tsa suab artifacts tsis xav tau ib tug tiag tiag ntiaj teb no shutter tsim.

Duab sib tshooj

Rolling shutter sensors tuaj yeem pib nthuav tawm cov ncej tom ntej ua ntej lub thav duab tam sim no nyeem ntawv tiav. Qhov kev sib tshooj sib tshooj no txhim kho lub luag haujlwm lub voj voog thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntawv thov kev kub ceev uas tau txais ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov thav duab ib ob yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm-sensitive thwmsim.

Ntau Kab Readout

Ntau lub koob yees duab CMOS ceev tuaj yeem nyeem ntau dua ib kab ntawm pixels ib zaug. Hauv qee hom, kab tau nyeem ua khub; nyob rau hauv cov qauv tsim siab heev, txog li plaub kab tuaj yeem nyeem ib txhij, txo qis tag nrho lub sijhawm nyeem ntawv.

Split Sensor Architecture

Ob lub dov thiab lub ntiaj teb shutters tuaj yeem siv qhov sib cais sensor layout, qhov twg cov duab sensor muab faib vertically rau hauv ob halves, txhua tus nrog nws tus kheej kab ntawm ADCs.

● Nyob rau hauv dov shutter split sensors, readout feem ntau pib los ntawm qhov chaw thiab yob tawm mus rau ob sab saum toj thiab hauv qab, ntxiv txo latency.
● Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb shutter designs, split readout tuaj yeem txhim kho tus ncej tus nqi yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv kev sib kis.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Koj Daim Ntawv Thov: Rolling lossis Ntiaj Teb Shutter?

Lub ntiaj teb shutter yuav muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov ntawv thov

● Yuav tsum muaj lub sijhawm muaj tseeb ntawm cov xwm txheej

● Xav tau lub sij hawm raug luv heev

● Yuav tsum ncua sijhawm ncua sijhawm millisecond ua ntej pib qhov kev yuav khoom los synchronize nrog ib qho kev tshwm sim

● Khaws cov lus tsa suab loj lossis qhov muaj zog ntawm lub sijhawm zoo sib xws lossis nrawm dua rau lub kaw lus dov

● Yuav tsum tau txais ib txhij los ntawm lub sensor, tab sis tswj tsis tau lub teeb qhov chaw siv pseudo-lub ntiaj teb shutter thoob plaws cheeb tsam loj

Lub kaw lus dov tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev siv

● Cov ntawv thov tsis tshua muaj teeb pom kev nyuaj: Qhov kev ua tau zoo quantum ntxiv thiab qis qis ntawm lub koob yees duab dov lub koob yees duab feem ntau ua rau kev txhim kho SNR

● Cov ntawv thov kev kub ceev uas qhov tseeb ib txhij thoob plaws lub sensor tsis tseem ceeb, los yog ncua sij hawm me me piv rau cov sij hawm sim

● Lwm cov kev siv dav dav ntau qhov chaw tsim khoom yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis ntawm cov koob yees duab dov shutter tau txais txiaj ntsig

Kev Ntseeg Tsis Ncaj Ncees

1. "Rolling shutter yeej ib txwm phem."

Tsis muaj tseeb - dov shutters yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau ntau qhov kev siv thiab feem ntau ua tau zoo tshaj lub ntiaj teb shutters nyob rau hauv tsawg lub teeb thiab dynamic ntau yam.

2. "Lub ntiaj teb shutter yog ib txwm zoo dua."

Txawm hais tias kev ntes tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam yog qhov zoo dua, kev lag luam tawm ntawm tus nqi, suab nrov, thiab kev nkag siab yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov duab qeeb qeeb.

3. "Koj tsis tuaj yeem tua video nrog lub kaw lus dov."

Ntau lub koob yees duab high-end xinesmas siv dov shutters zoo; ceev faj kev tua phom tuaj yeem txo cov khoom cuav.

4. "Lub ntiaj teb shutters tshem tawm tag nrho cov lus tsa suab plooj."

Lawv tiv thaiv geometric distortion, tab sis cov lus tsa suab plooj los ntawm lub sij hawm ntev raug tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Xaus

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab dov shutter technology nyob rau hauv CMOS lub koob yees duab boils mus rau qhov sib npaug ntawm kev tuav tuav, lub teeb rhiab heev, tus nqi, thiab koj cov kev thov tshwj xeeb.

● Yog hais tias koj xav tau distortion-free capture rau ceev-tsav scenes, ntiaj teb no shutter yog qhov kev xaiv meej.

● Yog tias koj ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj teeb pom kev zoo, ntau yam muaj zog, thiab kev siv nyiaj txiag, lub kaw lus dov feem ntau muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.

Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv no ua kom koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov cuab yeej zoo - txawm tias nws yog rau kev tshawb fawb, kev saib xyuas kev lag luam, lossis kev tsim khoom tsim tawm.

FAQs

Hom shutter twg zoo dua rau kev yees duab huab cua lossis drone map?

Rau daim ntawv qhia, kev soj ntsuam, thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov tseeb geometric yog qhov tseem ceeb, lub ntiaj teb kaw yog nyiam kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv huab cua muaj tswv yim, lub kaw lus dov tseem tuaj yeem xa cov txiaj ntsig zoo yog tias tswj tau.

Qhov kev xaiv shutter cuam tshuam li cas rau cov duab qis?

Rolling shutters feem ntau muaj qhov zoo dua hauv kev ua haujlwm qis vim tias lawv cov qauv tsim pixel tuaj yeem ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm lub teeb. Ntiaj teb shutters tej zaum yuav xav tau ntau dua circuitry uas yuav txo tau me ntsis rhiab heev, txawm hais tias niaj hnub tsim yog kaw qhov sib txawv no.

hom shutter cuam tshuam li cas alub koob yees duab scientific?

Hauv kev ntsuas kev tshawb fawb nrawm nrawm-xws li kev taug qab particle, cell dynamics, lossis ballistics-lub ntiaj teb shutter feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam cov lus tsa suab. Tab sis rau lub teeb fluorescence microscopy tsawg, ibsCMOS koob yees duabnrog lub dov shutter tej zaum yuav raug xaiv los ua kom siab tshaj plaws rhiab heev thiab dynamic ntau yam.

Qhov twg yog qhov zoo dua rau kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam?

Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam feem ntau-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas cuam tshuam nrog kev txav mus los siv txoj siv sia, neeg hlau, lossis lub tshuab tsis pom kev-lub ntiaj teb kaw yog qhov kev xaiv nyab xeeb dua los xyuas kom meej qhov ntsuas yam tsis muaj qhov yuam kev geometric.